Babban latitude, dogon lokacin sanyi, dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi - shin ayyukan irin wannan har yanzu suna iya tafiya cikin rana?
Ee. Kuma ƙananan zafin jiki kanta kyauta ce. An ƙididdige samfuran silicon na kristal a 25 ° C; ga kowane faɗuwar zafin jiki na 1 ° C, fitarwa yana ƙaruwa da kusan 0.3% -0.35%. Dalilin da yasa shekarun hunturu ya ragu ba zafin jiki ba - yana da guntuwar hasken rana da kuma rufe dusar ƙanƙara. Dukansu za a iya warware su ta hanyar zane.
Fitowar Ƙarfafa Cold: Ƙaddamarwa, amma Taimakon Bayanai
Haɗin Zazzabi Shine Maɓallin Maɓalli
Adadin zafin wutar lantarki na samfuran silicon crystalline mara kyau - ƙananan zafin jiki, mafi girman fitarwa:
| Fasahar salula | Ƙarfin zafin jiki | Low-zazzabi yi |
| monocrystalline na al'ada PERC | Kimanin -0.30% zuwa -0.35%/°C | ≈ + 10% fitarwa a kan bayyanannen -5°C rana |
| N-type TOPCon | Kimanin -0.25% zuwa -0.30%/°C | Yana asarar 0.05% -0.1% ƙasa da kowane digiri a ƙarƙashin yanayi iri ɗaya |
| HJT | Kimanin -0.24% zuwa -0.26%/°C | Babban riba mai ƙarancin zafin jiki |
Ɗauki samfurin 400W a matsayin misali: a zafin jiki na -5 ° C, ainihin fitarwa yana kusan 442W, 10.5% sama da ƙididdiga; a tsakiyar lokacin rani a zafin jiki na 45 ° C, fitarwa shine 372W kawai, 7% ƙasa da ƙima.
Tunanin dusar ƙanƙara (tasirin albedo) yana ƙara wani haɓaka: saman dusar ƙanƙara yana nuna 80% -90% na haske, yayin da ƙasa ta yau da kullun tana nuna kawai 10% -20%. A sarari, sanyi, yanayin dusar ƙanƙara, fitarwa na iya wuce ƙimar ƙima da 18%.
Me Yasa Yake Ji Kamar Rana Ba Ya Haihuwa a Lokacin hunturu
Domin ilimin taurari yana canzawa. A latitude 42 ° N, ranar Yuni yana ɗaukar kimanin sa'o'i 15, amma ranar Disamba kawai game da 9. A cikin yankunan tsakiyar latitude, ƙarni na hunturu na kowane wata shine yawanci 25% -50% na Yuli.
Don tunani: Jamus tana zaune a latitude 50 ° N, kuma a cikin 2023 kusan 12% na wutar lantarki ta ƙasa ta fito ne daga PV (Fraunhofer ISE). Babban latitude ba yana nufin PV ba zai iya aiki ba - yana nufin kawai buƙatun ƙira.
Dusar ƙanƙara: Dusar ƙanƙara ce kuke sarrafa, ba sanyi ba
Fitowa Karkashin Yanayin Dusar ƙanƙara Daban-daban
| Yanayin dusar ƙanƙara | Tasirin fitarwa | Lokacin farfadowa |
| Dusar ƙanƙara mai haske (<2cm) | Translucent - har yanzu 50% -80% fitarwa | Dark module surface shafe zafi; narke a cikin 1-2 hours |
| Fassarar ɗaukar hoto (~ 50%) | Ya gangara zuwa kusan 25% (launi da aka rufe yana iyakance kirtani duka) | Ya dogara da yanayi |
| Cikakken ɗaukar hoto | 0% | Zamewa kashe ko yana buƙatar cirewa da hannu |
| Babu dusar ƙanƙara, bayyananne da sanyi | 10% -18% sama da ƙima | — |
Mahimman Zane Uku
- Matsakaicin kusurwa ≥30°-40°Gilashin gilashin mai santsi tare da karkatar da dusar ƙanƙara yana barin dusar ƙanƙara ta zame da kanta a cikin kwanaki 1-2 - ba a cire dusar ƙanƙara ta hannu da ake buƙata a yawancin al'amuran.
- Module-load na dusar ƙanƙara rating ≥5400 Pa: ƙimar dusar ƙanƙara na manyan kayayyaki Tier 1 - yana riƙe da dusar ƙanƙara mai nauyi ba tare da nakasawa ba
- Zaɓi fasahar tantanin halitta N-type: madaidaicin ƙarancin zafin jiki yana nufin ƙarancin asarar hunturu
Bisa ga kididdigar US NREL da PVPMC: yawancin tsire-tsire suna rasa 0-10% na tsararru na shekara-shekara zuwa dusar ƙanƙara, kuma mafi munin yanayi a cikin yankuna masu dusar ƙanƙara shine 10% -15%. Ba a ba da shawarar kawar da dusar ƙanƙara da hannu gabaɗaya - shiga rufin rufin da hatsarori-ƙira sun fi tsadar wutar lantarki da yake dawowa.
Cikakken Ƙirar Tsare Tsare don Ayyukan Babban Latitude
PV Side
Samun ƙananan zafin jiki na gaske ne, haka kuma mafi guntu hasken rana. Ma'anar girman girman:
- Gudanar da tattalin arziki akan tsarar shekara-shekara, ba lokacin hunturu kadai ba
- Yi amfani da ajiya don dare da rana mai duhu/dusar ƙanƙara; PV yana ɗaukar fifiko yayin rana
- A cikin yankuna masu tsananin dusar ƙanƙara, kuskure a kan steeper gefen don tsararru karkatar - kasuwanci ɗan ƙaramin haske lokacin rani don zubar dusar ƙanƙara
Gefen Ajiya
| Abun daidaitawa | Shawarwari mai tsayi | Dalili |
| Chemistry na baturi | LFP (lithium iron phosphate) | Aiki kewayo har zuwa -20 ° C, tsawon rayuwar sake zagayowar |
| Dabarun iya aiki | Girman ga mafi tsayin gudu na jere-jita-jita / dusar ƙanƙara | Dogayen tazara tsakanin cajin hasken rana a cikin hunturu |
| Kula da yanayin zafi | Wurin da aka keɓe + kula da dumama | Cajin ƙananan zafin jiki yana buƙatar sarrafa zafin jiki mai aiki |
Kwatancen Diesel
A ƙasa -15 ° C, masu samar da dizal suna haɗarin gelling mai, sanyi yana buƙatar preheating, kuma tazarar kulawa yana gudana awanni 250-500. Lokacin hunturu shine daidai lokacin da dizal ya fi rauni. Haɗin PV + na ajiya ba shi da matsalar gelling, kuma batura masu ajiya suna riƙe da ikon fitarwa a ƙananan yanayin zafi (ƙimar LFP zuwa -20°C).
Don samar da wutar lantarki na hunturu a ma'adinan latitude mai tsayi, jimlar farashin maganin dizal ( jigilar mai + kula da yanayin sanyi + yarda da hayaki) ya cancanci a sake ƙididdige shi.
ZM-Besta's Cold-Climate Products
Tashoshin wutar lantarki ta wayar hannu ta ZM-Besta an kera su don aiki mai ƙarancin zafin jiki:
| Siga | Daraja |
| Yanayin aiki | -20°C zuwa +50°C |
| Kariya idan aka ajiye | IP55 |
| Fasahar salula | N-type TOPCon, ingantaccen juzu'i ≥22% |
| Juriyar iska lokacin turawa | Beaufort Force 9 |
| Ma'ajiyar makamashi | LFP, ma'auni tare da fadada zaɓi |
| Aiwatar da aiki | Ƙaddamar da layin dogo a cikin sa'o'i 4-20; Motar fadada cikin ≤30 mintuna |
Samfuran sun bambanta daga 20kW (jikin akwati 3.6m, wanda aka sauke ta forklift) zuwa 150-200kW (kwangilar 40ft). Ayyuka a cikin yankunan sanyi an tsara su musamman a cikin abubuwa uku: ƙarfin tasiri, nauyin dusar ƙanƙara, da sarrafa zafin jiki na ajiya.
A gefen tsarin karfe: don manyan tarurrukan latitude da wuraren ajiyar kumbura, an ƙayyade ƙarfe zuwa matakan tasiri na Q355D/S355J2 dangane da ƙananan zafin jiki na gida, kuma an tsara tsarin rufin don nauyin dusar ƙanƙara. Ƙirar tsari da tsarin PV suna rufe madauki a cikin mahaɗin da ke da lissafi guda ɗaya.
FAQ
Q1: Nawa wutar lantarki na iya haifar da hasken rana a zahiri a cikin hunturu?
A: Ya dogara da abubuwa biyu: latitude da yanayin dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin yankuna masu tsaka-tsaki, ƙarni na hunturu na kowane wata yana kusan 25% -50% na Yuli; a sarari, sanyi, kwanakin dusar ƙanƙara, fitowar yau da kullun na iya zama 10% -18% sama da ƙididdigewa (rashin zafin jiki + dusar ƙanƙara). Alkaluma na shekara-shekara sune mahimmanci ga yanke shawara na tattalin arziki.
Q2: Shin PV har yanzu yana aiki a cikin -20 ° C yankuna?
A: Modules a zahiri suna yin mafi kyau a ƙananan yanayin zafi. Abin da kuke buƙatar tabbatarwa shine daidaitawar matakin-tsari: sarrafa zafin baturi na ajiya, nauyin dusar ƙanƙara, da ƙimar yanayin sanyi na kebul. Tashoshin wutar lantarki ta wayar hannu ZM-Besta sun rufe -20°C zuwa +50°C.
Q3: Shin dusar ƙanƙara tana buƙatar cirewa da hannu?
A: Gabaɗaya a'a. Tsare-tsare masu kusurwa sama da 30 ° suna zubar da dusar ƙanƙara da kansu a cikin kwanaki 1-2, kuma asarar dusar ƙanƙara na shekara-shekara yawanci 0-10%. Amincewar aiki da lahani na cirewa da hannu yawanci sun zarce wutar lantarki da aka samu. Yankunan dusar ƙanƙara masu tsayi sun bambanta kuma suna buƙatar dabarun sarrafa dusar ƙanƙara.
Q4: Yaya kuke rufe ƙarancin wutar lantarki na hunturu?
A: Girman ma'ajiyar LFP don mafi tsayin gudu na wuce gona da iri. PV yana ɗaukar fifiko a lokacin rana, ajiya yana rufe dare, kuma ana adana gensets dizal azaman madadin don matsanancin yanayi - wannan shine dabarun haɗaka mafi yawan ma'adinai masu tsayi.
Q5: Yaya muhimmancin fa'idodin N-type TOPcon a cikin hunturu?
A: Matsakaicin zafinsa yana kusan -0.25% zuwa -0.30%/°C, yana rasa 0.05% -0.1% ƙasa da kowane digiri fiye da PERC na al'ada. Amfanin ƙananan zafin jiki yana faɗaɗa a -20 ° C, don haka nau'in N-nau'in yana ba da ingantaccen fitarwa gabaɗaya a cikin tsananin sanyi.
Kuna son girman tsarar hunturu da tsarin ajiya don babban aikin ku na latitude?
Imel: info@xzbesta.com
