Mushure me a kuvaka-yakabatanidzwa photovoltaics (BIPV) denga yakaiswa, rimwe remabasa eO&M ari nyore kufuratirwa kuchenesa.
Madhizaini anoongororwa, kuvaka kunoongororwa, uye kubatanidza grid kunoedzwa. Asi kuchenesa kunowanzowana ngwariro shoma zvikuru. Panguva iyo muridzi anoona kuderera kwekugadzira magetsi, kurasikirwa kwetsvina kunogona kunge kwatowanda kwegore rose.
Gwaro iri rinopindura mibvunzo mitatu inokosha: Ingani kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kunorasika pasina kuchenesa? Denga reBIPV rinofanira kucheneswa kangani? Uye inogona kucheneswa sei pasina kukuvadza hurongwa?
Mutengo Wekuregeredza Kucheneswa: Ingani Simba Rakarasika Pakusviba?
Mamiriro ekunze Anosarudza Huyero hwekurasika kwevhu
Kurasika kwevhu hakuna kugadziriswa. Ivo vanotsamira pakunaya kwemvura yemuno, guruva remumhepo, module tilt angle, kumhanya kwemhepo, uye mamwe mamiriro ekunze.
| Climate Zone | Gore negore Kurasika kweSoiling | Hunhu Hunokosha |
| Mamiriro okunze akachena nemvura inonaya nguva nenguva | 1%–2% | Kunaya kwemvura kunopa kuchenesa kwakaringana |
| Maodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva neMidwestern United States | 2%–4% | Kusviba kwemwaka, nechando muchando |
| Southwestern United States | 4%–10% | Mamiriro emvura uye mvura shoma inonaya |
| Central California nzvimbo dzekurima | 6%–12% | Guruva rekurima rakasanganiswa nemamiriro akaoma |
| Nzvimbo dzakaoma dzeIndia, kusanganisira Rajasthan | 8%–15% | Mwaka wakaoma unogona kusvika kumwedzi mipfumbamwe |
| Middle East | 12%–25% | Madutu ehuruva anogara achiita uye kunaya kwemvura kushoma |
| Nzvimbo dzakaomesesa dzakaganhurana neSahara | 15%–30% | Kunyanya kusvibisa mamiriro |
Iyo imwechete PV module inogona kusangana zvinoshamisa zvakasiyana-siyana zvepagore kurasikirwa muGermany neSaudi Arabia. Musiyano unogona kuva wakapetwa kagumi. Nzira dzekuchenesa hadzifanirwe kushandiswa zvakafanana pamisika yese. Dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kuti dzienderane nemamiriro ekunze enzvimbo nenzvimbo.
Mashandiro eSoiling Anobata PV Performance
Ivhu rinokanganisa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kuburikidza nenzira nhatu huru.
Chekutanga: Yakaderedzwa kufambisa kwechiedza. Dust particles anotora uye anoratidza chiedza chezuva chiri kuuya, kuderedza huwandu hwechiedza chinosvika kumasero ezuva uye kuderedza kubuda kwesimba.
Chechipiri: Nonlinear performance degradation sezvo ivhu rinoungana. Kana density yevhu yasvika pane imwe nhanho, kukanganisa kwekuita kunogona kuve kwakanyanya. Pane yakashumwa density ye20 g/m², pfupi-circuit ikozvino inogona kuderera ne15% -21%, nepo kushanda zvakanaka kunogona kudzikira ne15% -35%, zvichienderana nemamiriro ekuedzwa uye maitiro echinhu chakaiswa.
Chechitatu: Nzvimbo dzinopisa dzinokonzerwa netsvina isina kuenzana. Kana dzimwe nzvimbo dzemodule dzichiunganidza tsvina yakawanda kupfuura dzimwe, shading inogona kuitika. Masero ane shaded anogona kurasa simba pane kurigadzira, achigadzira nzvimbo dzinopisa dzinowedzera kuchembera kwezvinhu uye zvinogona kukanganisa module.
A Nyore Mutengo-Benefit Analysis
Funga nezve 1 MW yekutengesa uye maindasitiri BIPV padenga remba system, uchitora gore negore kugadzirwa kwemagetsi kwe1,200 MWh uye mutengo wemagetsi wemadhora 0.15/kWh.
- Mari yegore negore yemagetsi: Inenge $180,000
- Kurasikirwa kwemari pane 10% pagore kurasikirwa kwevhu: Inenge $18,000
- Mari yekuchenesa yegore negore pa$0.01/W: Inenge $10,000
Munzvimbo dzisina mvura, mari yekudzoka pakuchenesa mari inotangira pa1:1.5 kusvika pa1:2. Munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura yakawanda, inogona kudonha pasi pe1:1, zvichiita kuti kuchenesa kusava nehupfumi.
Kangani Dongo reBIPV Rinofanira Kucheneswa?
Seta Yekuchenesa Frequency Zvinoenderana Nezvakatipoteredza
| Environmental Conditions | Yakakurudzirwa Yekuchenesa Frequency | Pfungwa Huru |
| Mamiriro ekunze anodziya, anonaya mvura inonaya pagore pamusoro pe800 mm | 1-2 nguva pagore | Kunyanya bvisa tsvina yeshiri, muto wemuti, uye zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinoramba zvichiitika |
| General maindasitiri nzvimbo | 2-4 nguva pagore | Funga nezvehuwandu hwekuiswa kweguruva muindasitiri |
| Nzvimbo dzemumaguta nenzvimbo dziri pedyo nemigwagwa mikuru | 3-4 nguva pagore | Zvimedu zvine chekuita nemigwagwa zvinogona kunamatira zvakanyanya kune nzvimbo |
| Nzvimbo dzakaoma uye dzine huruva | Kamwe chete pamwedzi mumwaka wakaoma | Funga nezvekuwedzera kuchenesa mukati memaawa makumi mana nemasere mushure medutu reguruva, kana zvakachengeteka uye zvinoshanda |
| Nzvimbo dzakaoma zvakanyanya kuMiddle East neNorth Africa | Masvondo 1-2 ega ega munguva yekuoma | Zviitiko zveguruva zvinowanzoitika zvinogona kuda kutariswa kwakanyanya |
Imwe pfungwa inowanzoregererwa: Kuchenesa mushure medutu reguruva kunofanira kutora pekutanga pane chirongwa chekuchenesa nguva dzose. Chiitiko chimwe chete chakanyanya cheguruva chinogona kuisa huruva yakawanda sezvainowanzo kuungana mumwedzi wese.
Shandisa Performance Ratio (PR) seKuchenesa Trigger
Kana PV system iine monitoring platform, kutanga kuchenesa zvichienderana neperformance reshiyo (PR) kunogona kudhura pane kutevedzera purogiramu yakatarwa.
Nzira inoshanda ndeyekutanga yekutanga PR curve uye funga kuchenesa apo kuyerwa kwePR kunodonha ne2% maererano nekutanga. Ichi chikumbaridzo chinogona kubatsira kuona zvinogona kurasikirwa netsvina uchidzivirira kucheneswa kusingakoshi.
Nekudaro, PR inogona zvakare kudzikira nekuda kweiyo inverter kunyatsoita shanduko, tembiricha yemodule, kukanganisa kwemidziyo, kuderedzwa, kana mamwe mamiriro ekushanda. Zvinhu izvi zvinofanirwa kuferefetwa zvisati zvanzi zvakonzerwa netsvina.
BIPV Roof Cleaning Methods: A Cost Comparison
Kazhinji Kuchenesa Nzira
| Kuchenesa Nzira | Kushandisa Mvura | Relative Cost | Typical Applications | Kuchenesa Kuita |
| Manual kuchenesa nesoft-bristle brush uye mvura | 1–2 L per module | High; kushanda nesimba | Madiki ematenga edzimba uye yakaoma denga geometries | Excellent |
| Dry-kuchenesa marobhoti | Hapana | Medium; ine mari shoma yekutanga | Mahombe, matenga ematenga uye akaiswa pasi-akaiswa PV zvirimwa | Zvakanaka |
| Marobhoti anomwaya mvura | 0.5-1 L per module | Pakati | Denga guru rekutengesa uye indasitiri | Zvakanaka chaizvo |
| Drone-inobatsira kuchenesa | Low | High | Matenga edzimba akakwira kana kuti akaoma kuwana | Pakati nepakati |
| Dry brushing kana vibration-based based kubvisa guruva | Hapana | Low | Matunhu asina mvura | Pakati nepakati |
Mutengo wepagore wekuchenesa unowanzo kubva pamadhora 0.005 kusvika pamadhora 0.02 pawatt, zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kwedenga, mutengo wevashandi, uye nzira yekuchenesa inoshandiswa.
Tiye Basa reAnti-Soiling Coatings
Anti-soiling coatings, kusanganisira hydrophilic uye hydrophobic nano-coatings, haisi kutsiva kuchenesa. Pane kudaro, vanobatsira kuderedza kuunganidza tsvina uye kuwedzera nguva yekuchenesa.
Miedzo yemunda yakashuma kuti PV modules ine anti-soiling coatings inounganidza 30% -40% shoma guruva pakati pekuchenesa kutenderera pane isina uncoated modules. Nekudaro, hupenyu hwesevhisi yekuputira yakashumwa hunosiyana zvakanyanya, kubva pamwedzi 18-24 kusvika kumakore 3-5. Kugara chaiko kunofanirwa kusimbiswa maererano ne data remupi.
Kunyangwe mabhanhire ekudzivirira ivhu achida mari yakakwira kumusoro, anogona kuderedza huwandu hwemabasa ekuchenesa nechikamu chimwe muzvitatu munguva refu. Munzvimbo dzakaoma, dzine guruva, mari yacho inogona kazhinji kururamiswa mune zveupfumi.
Ina Yakajairika BIPV Roof Yekuchenesa Zvikanganiso
Kushandisa Mvura Yakaoma
Iyi inogona kuva imwe yezvikanganiso zvinodhura zvekuchenesa.
Kana mvura yepasi yave neyakanyungudika yakanyungudika (TDS) inodarika 500 ppm, mvura yakapfapfaidzwa pagirazi rinopisa inogona kubuda nekukasika, ichisiya madhipoziti ecalcium nemagnesium. Mushure me 3-4 yekuchenesa denderedzwa, aya madhipoziti anogona kukonzera zvachose 2% -4% kudzikiswa kwegirazi mwenje transmittance uye zvinogona kunetsa kana kusakwanisa kubvisa.
Inokurudzirwa maitiro: Shandisa reverse-osmosis (RO) mvura kana mvura yakasvibiswa, ine TDS inodzorwa pasi pe50 ppm.
Kuchenesa Pakati Peak Midday Kupisa
Kupfapfaidza mvura inotonhora paPV modules patembiricha iri pamusoro pe60 ° C kunogona kugadzira kushushikana kwekushisa mugirazi, zvichigona kukonzera microcracks kana, mumatambudziko akaomarara, kuputsika kwegirazi.
Tsika inokurudzirwa: Chenesa mangwanani-ngwanani kana masikati, kana tembiricha yemodule iri padyo neambient tembiricha.
Kuchenesa Kazhinji
Munzvimbo dzakaderera-ivhu, kucheneswa kwemwedzi nemwedzi kunogona kudhura kupfuura kuwedzera kwemagetsi kugadzirwa kwakakodzera. Chimwe chinonetsa ndechekupfeka kwepamusoro. Dry brushing and scraping zvinogona kusiya microscopic scratches pagirazi. Nekufamba kwenguva, zvikwambo izvi zvinogona kuderedza kutapurirana kwemwenje, zvichigona kudzima mabhenefiti ekuchenesa.
Kushandisa Cleaning Agents
Mamwe maajenti ekuchenesa anogona kukuvadza anti-reflective (AR) coating pagirazi. AR coatings inogona kuvandudza kutapurirana kwemwenje neanosvika 2% -3%, zvichienderana nechigadzirwa. Kana iyo jasi ikakuvadzwa, imwe yeiyi bhenefiti yekuita inogona kurasika zvachose.
Tsika inokurudzirwa: Shandisa mvura yakachena uye bhurasho rakapfava-bristle. Kune tsvina dzakasindimara, dzakaita sendove yeshiri kana muto wemuti, shandisa jira rakapfava rakanyoroveswa nemvura kuchenesa nzvimbo yakanganiswa.
Sarudzo nhatu dzeDhizaini Inogona Kudzikisa Mari Yekuchenesa
Roof Tilt uye Drainage nzira
Denga repamusoro rine kona ye15 ° kana kupfuura rinogona kubatsirwa kubva kune simba rinokwevera pasi, zvichibatsira kubvisa guruva rakaungana uye kunatsiridza kucheneswa kwechisikigo pasi pemamiriro emvura akakodzera.
Nzira dzemvura dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kudzivirira kumira kwemvura. Kana mvura isingayerere ichinyunguduka, inogona kusiya mavara emvura nemamineral deposits ayo anonetsa kubvisa pane guruva rakasununguka.
Kuchenesa Nzira dzekupinda
Kune matenga makuru edenga, nzira dzekuchenesa uye nzira dzakachengeteka dzekupinda dzinofanirwa kuiswa mukugadzira kubva pakutanga. Pasina nzira dzakatsaurirwa dzekupinda, mitengo yekuchenesa inogona kupeta zvakapetwa nekuti michina haigone kusvika padenga nemazvo uye mapombi anogona kusavhara nzvimbo dzese.
Chengetedzo inofanirawo kutariswa, kusanganisira maguardrails, lifeline anchor point, uye akakodzera-yekudzivirira masisitimu.
Maintenance Connections
Chengetedza nzvimbo yekubatanidza mvura, nzvimbo dzekugezera, uye nzvimbo dzekuchengetera midziyo. Izvi zvigadziro zvinowanzova zvisingadhuri kubatanidza panguva yekuvaka. Kuvadzosera mushure mekutumwa kungangoda kugadziridzwa padenga rakapedzwa, zvichiwedzera mutengo uye kukanganisa kushanda.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Q1: Madenga eBIPV anoda kucheneswa here? Iwo akasiyana sei kubva kune akajairwa PV masisitimu?
Hongu. Sezvo BIPV modules ichiita chikamu chedenga pachayo, kuchenesa hakufanirwe kufunga nezvekugadzira magetsi chete asiwo kutaridzika kwedenga uye kudzivirira mvura. Mumwe mutsauko wakakosha ndewekuti BIPV modules kazhinji haina kugadzirwa kutsigira tsoka traffic, uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine chaiwo kutakura mutoro. Kuchenesa nzira dzekupinda uye nzira dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa zvakanangana sisitimu.
Q2: Kunaya kwemvura kunogona kutsiva kuchenesa kwemanyorero here?
Zvishoma. Mvura inogona kukukura huruva, asi kazhinji haishande pazvinosvibisa zvakasindimara zvakaita sendove yeshiri, muto wemuti, uye zvisaririra zveoiri yemumaindasitiri. Kunyangwe munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura, kucheneswa kwemaoko kunogona kuramba kuchidikanwa ka1-2 pagore.
Q3: Ko kuchenesa kukuvadza PV modules?
Kuchenesa kwakakodzera kunofanira kuderedza njodzi yekukuvadzwa. Njodzi huru dzinosanganisira mamineral deposits anokonzerwa nemvura yakaoma, thermal stress kubva pakuchenesa inopisa modules nemvura inotonhora, uye mavanga anokonzerwa neabrasive materials kana hard-bristle brushes. Kutevera mirairo yekuchenesa yemugadziri uye kudzivirira maitiro aya kunogona kubatsira kuchengetedza ma module.
Shandisa iyi fomula iri nyore: Cleaning Cost Ratio = Mutengo Wepagore Wokuchenesa ÷ (Kurasika Kwepagore Kwevhu × Kwepagore Kwemari Yemagetsi)
Chiyero chiri pasi pe1 chinoratidza kuti mari inofungidzirwa kuti inogona kudzoserwa kurasikirwa inodarika mutengo wekuchenesa, zvichiratidza kuti kuchenesa kunogona kuve nehupfumi. Munzvimbo dzakaoma, chiyero chinogona kunge chiri 0.5, nepo munzvimbo dzinonaya mvura inogona kusvika kana kudarika 1.
Q5: Anti-soiling coatings akakodzera mari here?
Dzinogona kunge dzakakosha munzvimbo dzinorasikirwa nevhu pagore dzinopfuura 8%. Dzimwe bvunzo dzemumunda dzakashuma kuti anti-soiling coatings inogona kuderedza kuunganidzwa kweguruva ne30% -40%, zvichigona kudzikisa kuchenesa frequency. Munzvimbo dzine mwero wakaderera wevhu, zvisinei, kudzoka pakudyara kungave kushoma.
Unoda zano rekuchenesa rakagadzirirwa yako BIPV purojekiti nzvimbo?
Email: info@xzbesta.com
