Izohlwayo zokusingqongileyo, ilahleko yomoya kunye nemvula, kunye nomhlaba ochithwayo ovela kwii-stockyards ezivulekileyo - abanini bemigodi kunye neeprojekthi zezityalo zamandla emhlabeni jikelele baphendula ngesisombululo esifanayo: i-span enkulu, i-dome evalelwe ngokupheleleyo yokugcina.
Kodwa i-138 yeemitha zekholamu-free span "ayakhiwe" - "idityanisiwe." Eli nqaku lichaza izinto ezimbini: kutheni idome isesona sakhiwo silungileyo sogcino lwe-span enkulu, kunye nendlela iprojekthi yokuthumela ngaphandle ihamba njani ukusuka kwimizobo ukuya kwidome emi kwisiza saphesheya kolwandle.
Kutheni le nto ukhethe iDome yokuGcina iSixa esikhulu seSixa esikhulu?
Ubuchule boLwakhiwo: Elona likhulu iSpan, eyona nto iluncedo kakhulu
Kukho umgaqo owaziwayo kwi-mechanics yesakhiwo: i-span enkulu, ukunyuka okukhulu kokusetyenziswa kwentsimbi yezakhiwo ezicwangcisiweyo (iifreyimu eziqinileyo, iitrasi). Idome yesakhelo sesithuba yinkqubo yokuthwala umthwalo-imithwalo ihamba ecaleni kweqokobhe ukuya kwisiseko se-ring beam, ngoko ke igophe layo lokusebenzisa intsimbi lithambile kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lweSakhiwo | I-Span esebenzayo | UkuSetyenziswa kweNsimbi | Imeko yokuGcina ngoBuninzi |
| Isakhelo sePortal | 15-50 m | Ukunyuka komnqantsa kunye ne-span | Izitora ezincinci neziphakathi |
| I-Tubular Truss | 60-185 m | Phakathi | Iishedi zamalahle ezomileyo / amaqokobhe omgqomo |
| I-Space Frame Dome | 30-138 m+ | Igophe elithambileyo | Inketho yokuqala yokugcina isambuku esikhulu setyhula |
Nje ukuba i-spans ifikelele kwinqanaba leemitha ezilikhulu, i-advanteji yentsimbi yesikweri nganye yeedomes iyacaca. Kungenxa yoko le nto ziyimpendulo ephambili kumaziko amakhulu okugcina isambuku kwihlabathi liphela.
Imeko yokusiNgqongileyo kunye neyoQoqosho yokuvaleka ngokupheleleyo
- Indawo evulekileyo yempahla: uxinzelelo lokulawula uthuli, ilahleko yomoya nemvula, umngcipheko wesohlwayo sokusingqongileyo
- Idome evalwe ngokupheleleyo: ukubaleka uthuli oluthi zero, ukuthotyelwa kwendalo, ukunciphisa kakhulu ilahleko yezinto
- Ukusebenza komhlaba: i-stockyard ejikelezayo ene-stacker-reclaimer ithatha umhlaba omncinci kwiyunithi yokugcina
Kumaqela emigodi kunye nezityalo zamandla, idome ayilona nje utyalo-mali lokusingqongileyo - yi-asethi eguqula izohlwayo kunye nelahleko ibe yimali yokugcina.
INkqubo eGqibeleleyo yokuHanjiswa kweDome yokuThumela ngaphandle
Inqanaba loYilo: Ukuqhaqha iDome yonke
Idome iyonke yahlulahlulwe yangamawaka amalungu kunye nebholiti-sphere joints, nganye inenombolo yayo. Isigqibo soyilo oluphambili: ii-bolt-sphere joints zithetha ukuba akukho welding kwisiza. Wonke umsebenzi ochanekileyo ugqityiwe kumzi-mveliso; isiza sihlanganisa kuphela - kubaluleke kakhulu kwiiprojekthi zaphesheya, njengoko kunciphisa kakhulu ukuthembela kwizakhono zabasebenzi basekhaya.
Ukwenziwa kunye nokuThunyelwa
Amalungu kunye nee-sphere joints zipakishwe kumacandelo kwaye zithunyelwa ngeenombolo zezinto. Ngokuthuthwa kwempahla elwandle kuthatha iiveki, uluhlu lokupakisha kunye nempahla ebonakalayo kufuneka ihambelane nomntu omnye. (Kwiibhetshi ezithile zokuthumela kunye nedatha yeshedyuli yeeprojekthi zokuthumela ngaphandle, nceda uqinisekise amanani apapashiweyo kunye neqela lethu lobugcisa.)
Ukwakhiwa kweSiza: iNdibano eLondolozayo yeNqanaba eliPhezulu
Iringi yokuqalisa edityaniswe phantsi kuqala yenza ulwakhiwo oluzinzileyo, emva koko amakhonkco avalwa phezulu enye nenye. Isakhiwo esakhiweyo ngokwaso siba liqonga lokusebenza kwinyathelo elilandelayo - akukho scaffolding epheleleyo efunekayo. I-ZM-Besta ibambe indlela yokwakha ekumgangatho wephondo kule nkqubo.
Ukuvalwa: Ukugqitywa komgangatho wemilimitha
Xa iringi yokugqibela ivaliwe, impazamo yokonyuka ilinganiswa ngeemilimitha. Ukukhanya kwelanga kwenza intsimbi yande; ukupholisa kuyenza inkontileka. Ifestile yokuvala ibalwa, ayiqikelelwa.
IRekhodi eqinisekisiweyo yeNdlela: Amanani awaxoki
Irekhodi yonikezelo lweprojekthi enkulu ye-ZM-Besta:
| Iprojekthi | Ubume/Isithuba | Iimbalasane |
| Xinjiang Tianchi Amandla isitokhwe setyhula | Iidomu ezintathu ze-130 m ububanzi | Imbasa yeprojekthi esemgangathweni yoshishino lwamalahle |
| Isiseko soBonelelo lwamalahle eLianyungang | I-118 m ubude × 736 m ubude beqokobhe lomphanda | Imbasa yeNsimbi yegolide; seta irekhodi entsha yendlela ye-arching kwicala elinye |
| Guohua Xuzhou Power Plant eyadini yamalahle ebiyelweyo | I-185 m ubude be-prestressed tubular truss | China Installation Star Award |
| I-Indonesia Labota ishedi yamalahle eyomileyo | Isakhelo sesithuba, 18,395 m² | Ukuhanjiswa kwamanye amazwe |
| San Miguel Corporation iyadi yokugcina, Philippines | Ishedi yesakhelo sesithuba + inkqubo epheleleyo yokubuyisela istaki | Ixabiso lekhontrakthi malunga. I-USD 8.62 yezigidi |
I-ZM-Besta yi-Top-50 ishishini kwi-China yokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sensimbi kunye ne-Beijing Stock Exchange (BSE)-inkampani eluhlu, kunye neziseko ze-6 zokuvelisa kunye nexabiso lemveliso yonyaka elidlula i-USD 140 yezigidi.
FAQ
I-Q1: Ndikhetha njani phakathi kwendawo yokugcina idome kunye ne-silos?
A: Zombini zisebenza ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Idome ene-stacker-reclaimer ilingana nestokhwe esisetyhula esinomthamo omkhulu; izisele zilungele ugcino oluthe nkqo kunye nendawo esisigxina yokothula. I-ZM-Besta igxile kwizisombululo zogcino lwedome ezikhulu.
I-Q2: Uqinisekiswa njani umthwalo kunye nokusebenza kwe-seismic kunye ne-138 m ikholamu-free span?
A: Kwinkqubo yesakhelo sesithuba sesithuba, imithwalo igqithiselwa ecaleni kweqokobhe ukuya kumqadi weringi, kunye nokusebenza kwenyikima okungaphezulu kwezakhiwo eziqinileyo zeplani. Uyilo lunokulandela ikhowudi echazwe ngumnini.
Q3: Ingaba iprojekthi yaphesheya idla ngokuthatha ixesha elingakanani?
A: Uyilo kunye noyilo lwefektri luqhutywa ngokuhambelanayo ngaphakathi; ixesha lokumisa kwisiza lixhomekeke kubude kunye nesikali. Uqikelelo lweshedyuli lunokubonelelwa nje ukuba iiparamitha zeprojekthi ezithile zinikiwe.
I-Q4: Ngaba i-PV yelanga ingadityaniswa kwidome?
A: Ewe. Ulwakhiwo lwentsimbi + indibaniselwano ye-PV (i-BIPV) lukhokelo lweqhinga lwe-ZM-Besta. Ukuveliswa kwamandla e-PV kunokudibaniswa kuphahla lwedome - bona isisombululo sethu sokudibanisa intsimbi-PV ngeenkcukacha.
I-Q5: Ukufumana iretrofits kwindawo ebiyelweyo, ingaba isitokhwe esele sikhona singagqunywa ngqo ngedome?
A: Uvavanyo lwejoloji kunye nesiseko luyafuneka kuqala, phambi kokuba kuthathwe isigqibo ngeskimu senkxaso yeqokobhe elifakwe iqokobhe. Sineemeko ezisele zikhulile zokubiyelwa kweeshedi zamalahle ukwenzela iiprojekthi zokubuyisela imali.
Ingakanani indawo yesitokhwe sakho, umthamo wogcino, kunye nendlela yokupakisha/yokubuyisela kwakhona? Zithumele kuthi kwaye siya kuphendula ngeskimu sesakhiwo sokuqala kwiiyure ezingama-72.
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