Marulelo a fektheri e ncha ea indasteri—le litšenyehelo tsa eona tsa motlakase bakeng sa lilemo tse 25 tse tlang—li lekanyetsoa haholo boemong ba ho hula.
Merero e mengata ea indasteri e rala sebopeho sa tšepe pele ebe e eketsa letsatsi ka mor'a hore ts'ebetso e tsitse. Empa retrofitting hase feela "kenya hamorao"; e ka bitsa chelete e ngata, ea lieha, 'me ea senya. Moralo o kopantsoeng oa BIPV (building-integrated photovoltaics) o kenyelletsa meroalo ea letsatsi, liprofaele tsa marulelo a marulelo, phihlello ea tlhokomelo, le litsela tsa li-cable-tray litšoantšong tsa pele. Likarolo tse entsoeng ka fektheri li ka nka sebaka sa marulelo a tšepe a tloaelehileng. Mohaho le tsamaiso ea letsatsi li kentsoe hammoho 'me li ka etsoa e le morero o le mong o hokahaneng.
Sengoliloeng sena se bapisa moralo o kopaneng le ho khutlisa hamorao linthong tse tharo tsa litšenyehelo - matlafatso, kemiso, le litšenyehelo tsohle - mme se fana ka moralo oa liqeto bakeng sa merero ea indasteri.
Hobaneng ha Retrofitting hangata e bitsa chelete e ngata
Marulelo a teng a kanna a se be le moroalo o lekaneng
Lisebelisoa tsa letsatsi tse ajoang hangata li eketsa mojaro o sa feleng oa hoo e ka bang 15-26 lik'hilograma / m². Meralo e neng e le teng ea marulelo e kanna ea ba e thehiloe holim'a moroalo o behiloeng oa 0.5 kN/m² bakeng sa marulelo a sa rereloang ho fihlella khafetsa. Hang ha meroalo ea letsatsi e kopantsoe le mekotla ea moea le lehloa, marulelo a mangata a khale a na le matla a fokolang a setseng.
Lintlha tsa histori tse boletsoeng mohloling li bontša seo ka tlase ho 50% ea marulelo a teng a tšepe fetisa tlhahlobo ea mojaro oa mohaho pele ho kenngoa ha letsatsi. Hoo e ka bang halofo e ka 'na ea hloka ho matlafatsoa pele li-module li ka kenngoa.
Matlafatso a Sebelisa Budget
Haeba tlhahlobo e bonts'a bokhoni bo sa lekaneng, ho ka 'na ha hlokahala hore ho matlafatsoe-likarolo tse kholoanyane, li-bracing tse eketsehileng, li-purlins tse ncha, kapa lintlha tsa khokahanyo tse teteaneng. Reinforcement hangata e ikarabella bakeng sa 15%–25% ea kakaretso ea tekanyetso ea puseletso.
Ka moralo o kopaneng, mejaro, botenya ba marulelo a marulelo, le litlhaloso tsa purlin li rarolloa litšoantšong tsa pele, ho qoba boemo bo fapaneng ba ho matlafatsa.
Kemiso le Nako ea Phomolo ea Tlhahiso
Hangata ho lokisa lintho ho hloka litšitiso tsa tlhahiso ea mekhahlelo: haha le ho sebetsa polante pele, tlosa likarolo tsa marulelo ntle le ts'ebeletso, tlosa likoahelo tse ling, kenya tsamaiso ea letsatsi, 'me u tsosolose marulelo.
Moralo o kopaneng o hokahanya li-module, sistimi e ntseng e hola, literei tsa cable, le liphanele tsa marulelo ka mokhoa oa BIM. Likaroloana li entsoe esale pele fekthering, le mosebetsi oa sebaka haholo-holo e kenyelletsa likhokahano tsa ho phahamisa le li-plug-in. Ho hlahisa matla ho ka qala ha marulelo a phethiloe, ntle le mohato oa bobeli oa ho kenya.
Ho Lekanya Lintho Tse Tharo Tsa Litšenyehelo
Papiso e ka tlase e sebelisa marulelo a indasteri a 10,000 m² ao ho nahanoang hore a kentsoe a ka bang 1.2 MWp (megawatt-peak).
| Karolo | Moralo o kopaneng oa BIPV | Retrofit (BAPV) | Mohloli oa phapang |
| Matlafatso ya sebopeho | 0 | 15%–25% ea tekanyetso ea puseletso | Marulelo a teng a hloleha ho hlahloba mojaro |
| Lisebelisoa tsa marulelo | Enfelopo e kopantsoeng + li-module | Lipampiri tsa tšepe + tsamaiso ea ho kenya hamorao | Ebang marulelo le li-module li kopantsoe |
| Kemiso ea setšeng | Ho fehla motlakase ha semela se phethiloe | Ho koala ha mekhahlelo e le 'ngoe kapa tse peli ka mor'a hore ts'ebetso e qale | Hore na mosebetsi o etsoa ka mekhahlelo |
| Tšebeliso ea tšepe | Phokotso ea 8%–12% (joalokaha ho tlalehiloe) | 0 | Lihokelo tse arolelanoang + likarolo tse ntlafalitsoeng + marulelo a kopaneng |
| Literene tsa lithapo le phihlello ea tlhokomelo | E bolokiloe sethaleng sa moralo | Hamorao ho cheka + ho kenya | Hore na letsatsi le nkoa e le sethaleng sa moralo |
| Lekeno la tlhahiso ea matla ea lilemo tse 25 | E sa fetoheng | E sa fetoheng | E tšoanang bakeng sa bokhoni bo lekanang bo kentsoeng |
Re kopane, moralo o kopaneng o ka fokotsa litšenyehelo kaofela ka 15% -25% mme oa khutsufatsa kemiso ka 30% -50% ha e bapisoa le ho khutlisa chelete.
Tlhokomeliso: "Retrofit budget" tafoleng e bolela litšenyehelo tsohle tsa liphetoho tsa marulelo, ntle le litheko tsa module. Matlafatso ea meralo hangata e nka 15% -25% ea tekanyetso eo.
Ke Merero efe e Loketseng Moralo o Kopanetsoeng?
Ha se semela se seng le se seng se secha se lokelang ho kenyelletsa letsatsi litšoantšong tsa pele. Moralo o kopaneng o loketse haholo mefuta ena e mene ea merero:
- Geometry e tloaelehileng ea marulelo -meralo ea khutlonnetsepa, multi-bay, kapa sawtooth e ka sebelisa limmojule hantle.
- Tlhokahalo e phahameng ea motlakase ea letsatsi-boemo ba mojaro bo tsamaisana haufi-ufi le tlhahiso ea letsatsi, e ka lumellang ho itšebetsa ka holimo ho 70%.
- Marulelo a lebelletsoe ho lula tšebeletsong ka lilemo tse fetang 15—letsete la pele le ka phatlalatsoa ka nako e telele ea ts'ebeletso.
- Ketane ea phepelo ea lehae ea BIPV e holileng tsebong—enfelopo le likarolo tsa letsatsi li ka tsamaellana le mofani a le mong, ho qoba ho batla ha mofani oa thepa hamorao.
Linyeoe tse sa lokelang kenyeletsa limela tse nyenyane, marulelo a sa tsitsang, tšebeliso ea motlakase e tlaase haholo, kapa limmaraka tse se nang ketane ea phepelo ea BIPV e butsoitseng; phetisetso ea morao-rao ea BAPV e ka ba chelete e ngata.
Lintlha Tse Tharo Tsa Bohlokoa Tsa Khokahanyo
Lata Maikutlo
Kenyelletsa matla a letsatsi a sa feleng a 15-26 kg/m² lipalong tsa pele tsa sebopeho. Marulelo, li-purlins, li-trusses, likarolo le likhokahano li lokela ho etsoa bakeng sa mojaro o kopaneng ho tloha qalong, ho ena le ho tlohela bokgoni bakeng sa tlatsetso hamorao.
Ho kopanya Roof le Solar Modules
Ka marulelong a tloaelehileng a tšepe, marulelo a kenngoa pele 'me li-module tsa letsatsi li kenngoa ka holim'a eona. BIPV e kopantsoeng e sebelisa mokhoa oa marulelo oo marulelo a marulelo ka boeona a etsang karolo ea kopano ea letsatsi.
Sena se fana ka melemo e meraro e ka bang teng:
- Khetha marulelo le likarolo tsa letsatsi bakeng sa bophelo bo lumellanang ba tšebeletso (lilemo tse 25).
- Ho ntlafala ho hanyetsa ho phahamisa moea hobane li-module le marulelo li sebetsa e le tsamaiso e kopanetsoeng.
- Ponahalo e hloekileng ntle le liforeimi tse penyang tse pepeneneng.
Li-trays tsa Cable le Phihlelo ea Tlhokomelo
Beha literei tsa cable, libaka tsa li-combiner-box, litsela tsa ho hloekisa li-module, le litselana tsa tlhokomelo litšoantšong. Ho phunya masoba hamorao ho ka senya marulelo le ho hlahisa lintlha tse eketsehileng tsa ho lutla.
LBH
Q1: Na moralo o kopaneng o tla liehisa kaho ea semela?
Eseng hakaalo. Khokahano ea BIPV e etsahala haholo nakong ea moralo, athe ho aha feme le ho aha setša ho ka tsoela pele hammoho le kaho e tloaelehileng ea tšepe. Li-module, lisebelisoa tse ntseng li hola, literei tsa cable le liphanele tsa marulelo li fihla e le karolo ea sephutheloana se le seng se hokahaneng, kahoo. kemiso ea kakaretso e ka lula e sa fetohe haholo.
Q2: Phokotso ea 8% -12% ea tšebeliso ea tšepe e baloa joang?
Khakanyo e kopanya liphello tse tharo: lintlha tsa khokahanyo tse arolelanoang ka mor'a hore marulelo le li-module li kopantsoe, likarolo tse ntlafetseng tse itšetlehileng ka meroalo ea ho qetela ea letsatsi, le tsamaiso e nolofalitsoeng ea marulelo / enfelopo.
Q3: Moroalo oa marulelo oa 15-26 kg / m² o lokela ho khethoa joang?
E ipapisitse le mofuta oa mojule, tlhophiso ea ho hola, le angle ea ho sekama. Marulelo a bataletseng a ka eketsa 15-20 kg/m², athe lisebelisoa tse tšekaletseng li ka eketsa 20-26 kg/m². Moenjiniere oa meralo o tlameha ho netefatsa moralo oa 'nete khahlano le litlhoko tsa moea le lehloa tsa lehae.
Q4: Haeba marulelo a teng a hlōleha tlhahlobo ea mohaho, na seo se bolela hore letsatsi le ke ke la kenngoa?
Che. Reinforcement ke tharollo e tloaelehileng le e thehiloeng. Taba ha se feela hore na ho kengoa hoa khoneha, empa hore na e tla bitsa bokae le hore na e ka senya tlhahiso e kae ha e bapisoa le moralo o kopaneng.
Q5: Na marulelo a kopantsoeng a BIPV a ka fela lilemo tse 25?
Marulelo, limmojule, lisebelisoa tse ntseng li phahama, le litiiso li tlameha ho khethoa bakeng sa bophelo bo lumellanang ba lilemo tse 25. Haeba marulelo a tšepe a lilemo tse 5-10 a kopantsoe le li-module tsa lilemo tse 25, bophelo ba tsamaiso ea kakaretso bo ntse bo lekanyelitsoe ke karolo e khutšoanyane ea nako. Bophelo ba ts'ebeletso bo ts'oanang ke molao-motheo oa moralo oa BIPV.
Keletso e Sebetsang ho Beng ba Morero
Sethaleng sa meralo ea merero le moralo oa mohopolo - eseng ka mor'a hore litšoantšo tsa kaho li phetheloe - tšoara letsatsi e le sesebelisoa se hlokahalang ho e-na le ho eketsa boikhethelo.
Qeto ena e ama:
- Ebang mohaho oa marulelo o etselitsoe meroalo ea letsatsi ho tloha qalong.
- Hore na ho khethiloe tsamaiso e kopanetsoeng ea marulelo a marulelo.
- Hore na literei tsa cable le phihlello ea tlhokomelo li bolokiloe esale pele.
- Hore na khokahanyo ea grid e kenyelelitsoe lenaneong le ka sehloohong la projeke.
Ho rarolla lipotso tsena tse 'nè tekong ea pele ea moralo ke theko e tlase haholo hofeta ho boeletsa metako hamorao.
Na u rera setsi se secha sa indasteri? Lengolo-tsoibila: info@xzbesta.com
