Igisenge cyuruganda rushya-nigiciro cyamashanyarazi mumyaka 25 iri imbere - ahanini bigenwa mugihe cyo gushushanya.
Imishinga myinshi yinganda itegura ibyuma mbere ikongeramo izuba nyuma yimikorere ihagaze. Ariko retrofiting ntabwo ari "gushiraho nyuma"; birashobora kuba bihenze cyane, bitinda, kandi bigahungabana. Igishushanyo mbonera cya BIPV (inyubako ihuriweho na fotovoltaque) ikubiyemo imizigo yizuba, ibisenge byamazu, uburyo bwo kubungabunga, hamwe ninzira ya kaburimbo mumashusho yambere. Uruganda-rwabigenewe rushobora gusimbuza ibyuma bisanzwe. Inyubako nizuba byashyizwe hamwe kandi birashobora gukoreshwa nkumushinga umwe uhujwe.
Iyi ngingo igereranya igishushanyo mbonera hamwe na retrofiting nyuma yibintu bitatu byigiciro - gushimangira, ingengabihe, hamwe nigiciro cyose - kandi gitanga ibyemezo byumushinga wimishinga.
Kuki gusubiramo kenshi bisaba amafaranga menshi
Ibisenge biriho ntibishobora kuba bifite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kwikorera
Imirasire y'izuba ikwirakwizwa mubisanzwe yongeraho umutwaro uhoraho wa hafi 15-26 kg / m². Igishushanyo mbonera kiriho gishobora kuba cyari gishingiye kuri 0.5 kN / m² umutwaro washyizweho kubisenge bitagenewe kuboneka bisanzwe. Iyo imizigo yizuba imaze guhuzwa numuyaga hamwe nurubura, ibisenge byinshi bishaje bifite ubushobozi buke busigaye.
Amakuru yamateka yavuzwe mu isoko yerekana ko munsi ya 50% by'ibyuma biriho ibisenge bitambutsa imitwaro yubatswe mbere yo gushyiramo izuba. Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri gishobora gukenera imbaraga mbere yuko module ishobora gushyirwaho.
Gushimangira Gukoresha Ingengo yimari
Niba isuzuma ryerekana ubushobozi budahagije, imbaraga zirashobora gukenerwa - ibice binini, gutondekanya ibirenze, gusimbuza purlins, cyangwa ibisobanuro birambuye. Gushimangira mubisanzwe 15% –25% yingengo yimari yose.
Hamwe nigishushanyo mbonera, imizigo, igisenge cyibibaho, hamwe na purlin bisobanurwa mubishushanyo byambere, kwirinda icyiciro cyo gushimangira.
Gahunda nigihe cyo gukora
Kuvugurura kenshi bisaba guhagarika umusaruro mubyiciro: kubaka no gukoresha uruganda mbere, gufata ibice byinzu hejuru yumurimo, kuvanaho imyenda imwe, gushiraho izuba, no kugarura igisenge.
Igishushanyo mbonera gihuza module, sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho, inzira ya kabili, hamwe nigisenge cyamazu muburyo bwa BIM. Ibigize byateguwe mu ruganda, kandi urubuga rukora cyane birimo guterura no gucomeka. Amashanyarazi arashobora gutangira mugihe igisenge cyuzuye, nta cyiciro cya kabiri cyo kwishyiriraho.
Kugereranya Ibintu bitatu
Kugereranya hepfo ikoresha igisenge cya 10,000 m² hejuru yinganda zifite ubushobozi bwo kwishyiriraho hafi 1,2 MWp (megawatt-peak).
| Icyerekezo | Igishushanyo cya BIPV | Retrofit (BAPV) | Inkomoko y'itandukaniro |
| Gushimangira imiterere | 0 | 15% –25% byingengo yimari ya retrofit | Igisenge kiriho cyananiwe kugenzura imitwaro |
| Ibikoresho byo hejuru | Ibahasha ihuriweho + module | Impapuro z'icyuma + nyuma yo gushiraho sisitemu | Niba igisenge hamwe na module byahujwe |
| Gahunda kurubuga | Amashanyarazi iyo uruganda rurangiye | Kimwe cyangwa bibiri byahagaritswe nyuma yibikorwa bitangiye | Niba akazi gakorwa mubice |
| Gukoresha ibyuma | 8% –12% kugabanuka (nkuko byavuzwe) | 0 | Ihuriro risangiwe + ibice byateguwe neza + igisenge cyahujwe |
| Imiyoboro ya kabili hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga | Yabitswe kurwego rwo gushushanya | Nyuma gucukura + kwishyiriraho | Niba izuba rifatwa murwego rwo gushushanya |
| Imyaka 25-yinjiza amashanyarazi | Bidahindutse | Bidahindutse | Kimwe kubushobozi bungana |
Ufatiye hamwe, igishushanyo mbonera gishobora kugabanya igiciro cyose kuri 15% –25% no kugabanya gahunda 30% –50% ugereranije na retrofitting.
Icyitonderwa: "Retrofit budget" mumeza bisobanura igiciro cyose cyo guhindura igisenge, ukuyemo ibiciro bya module. Gushimangira ibyubaka mubisanzwe bingana na 15% –25% byingengo yimari.
Niyihe mishinga ikwiranye nigishushanyo mbonera?
Ntabwo buri gihingwa gishya kigomba gushyiramo izuba mubishushanyo byambere. Igishushanyo mbonera gikwiye cyane cyane kubwoko bune bwimishinga:
- Igisenge gisanzwe cya geometrie -Urukiramende, byinshi-bay, cyangwa ibiti byameza birashobora gukoresha neza module.
- Amashanyarazi menshi yo ku manywa -umwirondoro wumutwaro uhuza cyane nizuba ryizuba, birashoboka kwemerera kwikoresha hejuru ya 70%.
- Ibisenge biteganijwe kuguma mu murimo imyaka irenga 15 -ishoramari ryambere rishobora gukwirakwira mugihe kirekire.
- Urwego rukuze rwa BIPV rutanga isoko -ibahasha n'ibice by'izuba birashobora guhuzwa nuwabitanze umwe, ukirinda gushakisha nyuma.
Imanza zidakwiye shyiramo ibihingwa bito, ibisenge bidasanzwe, gukoresha amashanyarazi make cyane, cyangwa amasoko adafite umurongo wa BIPV ukuze; nyuma BAPV retrofit irashobora kuba mubukungu.
Ingingo eshatu zingenzi zo guhuza
Kuremera Ibitekerezo
Shyiramo 15-26 kg / m² umutwaro wizuba uhoraho muburyo bwambere bwo kubara. Ibisenge, purlins, trusses, ibice, hamwe nibihuza bigomba kuba byateguwe kubitwaro byahujwe kuva mugitangira, aho gusiga ubushobozi kubwinyongera nyuma.
Kwinjiza Igisenge hamwe nizuba
Mu gisenge gisanzwe cyicyuma, igisenge gishyirwaho mbere naho modul izuba ryashyizwe hejuru yacyo. BIPV ikomatanyije ikoresha igisenge aho igisenge ubwacyo kigize inteko yizuba.
Ibi bitanga inyungu eshatu zishoboka:
- Hitamo igisenge hamwe nizuba kubuzima bwa serivisi (25 ans).
- Kunoza kunanirwa no kuzamura umuyaga kuko modules nigisenge bikora nka sisitemu ihuriweho.
- Isuku igaragara idafite amakadiri yo gushiraho.
Inzira ya Cable hamwe no Kubungabunga
Kubika insinga za kabili, guhuza-agasanduku kahantu, inzira yo gusukura module, hamwe no gufata inzira mu bishushanyo. Gucukura umwobo nyuma birashobora kwangiza igisenge kandi bigatera ingingo zinyongera.
Ibibazo
Q1: Igishushanyo mbonera kizatinda kubaka uruganda?
Ntabwo ari ngombwa. Guhuza BIPV ahanini bibaho mugihe cyo gushushanya, mugihe uruganda rutunganya no kubaka ikibanza rushobora gukomeza hamwe no kubaka ibyuma bisanzwe. Module, gushiraho ibice, insinga za kabili, hamwe nibisenge byamazu bigera nkigice kimwe cyahujwe, bityo gahunda rusange irashobora kuguma ahanini idahindutse.
Q2: Kugabanuka kwa 8% –12% muburyo bwo gukoresha ibyuma bibarwa gute?
Ikigereranyo gikomatanya ingaruka eshatu: ibisobanuro bisangiwe bihuza nyuma yinzu hamwe na modul byahujwe, ibice byateguwe hashingiwe kumirasire yizuba ya nyuma, hamwe na sisitemu yoroshye yo hejuru / ibahasha.
Q3: Nigute umutwaro wo hejuru yinzu ya 15-26 kg / m² ugomba guhitamo?
Biterwa nubwoko bwa module, gushiraho gahunda, hamwe no kugororoka. Module yashyizwe kumurongo hejuru yinzu irashobora kongeramo kg 15-20 kg / m², mugihe sisitemu yo kwishyiriraho irashobora kongeramo kg 20-26 / m². Injeniyeri yububatsi agomba kugenzura igishushanyo nyacyo kirwanya umuyaga waho hamwe nuburemere bwurubura.
Q4: Niba igisenge gihari cyananiwe gusuzuma imiterere, bivuze ko izuba ridashobora gushyirwaho?
Oya. Gushimangira ni igisubizo gisanzwe kandi cyashyizweho. Ikibazo ntabwo ari ukumenya niba kwishyiriraho bishoboka, ariko ni bangahe bizatwara n’umusaruro ushobora guhungabanya ugereranije nigishushanyo mbonera.
Q5: Igisenge cya BIPV gihuriweho gishobora kumara imyaka 25?
Igisenge, modules, ibice byo gushiraho, hamwe na kashe bigomba gutoranywa kugirango ubuzima bwimyaka 25 buhuze. Niba igisenge cyimyaka 5-10 cyahujwe nicyiciro cyimyaka 25, sisitemu rusange ubuzima buracyari buke kubintu bigufi. Guhuza ubuzima bwa serivisi ni ishingiro rya BIPV.
Inama zifatika kubafite umushinga
Mugutegura umushinga hamwe nicyerekezo-gishushanyo mbonera-bitari nyuma yo gushushanya ubwubatsi bwuzuye - fata izuba nkibikoresho bisabwa aho kuba inyongera kubushake.
Iki cyemezo kireba:
- Niba igisenge cyubatswe cyagenewe imizigo yizuba kuva mugitangira.
- Niba ihuriweho nigisenge-paneli sisitemu yatoranijwe.
- Niba insinga za kabili hamwe nuburyo bwo kubungabunga byabitswe mbere.
- Niba imiyoboro ya grid yashyizwe muri gahunda nyamukuru yumushinga.
Gukemura ibyo bibazo bine mugusuzuma kwambere ni bihenze cyane kuruta gusubiramo ibishushanyo nyuma.
Gutegura uruganda rushya? Imeri: info@xzbesta.com
