Denga la fakitale yatsopano ya mafakitale - ndi mtengo wake wamagetsi kwa zaka 25 zikubwerazi - zimatsimikiziridwa makamaka pakupanga.
Ntchito zambiri zamafakitale zimapanga kamangidwe kachitsulo poyamba ndikuwonjezera solar pambuyo pokhazikika. Koma kubwezeretsanso sikungowonjezera "kuyika pambuyo pake"; ikhoza kukhala yokwera mtengo, yocheperako, komanso yosokoneza. Mapangidwe ophatikizika a BIPV (building-integrated photovoltaics) amaphatikiza zonyamula zoyendera dzuwa, mbiri zapadenga, njira zokonzera, ndi njira za thireyi za chingwe pazojambula zoyambirira. Zida zopangidwa ndi fakitale zimatha kulowa m'malo mwazitsulo zokhazikika. Zomangamanga ndi solar system zimayikidwa palimodzi ndipo zitha kutumizidwa ngati ntchito imodzi yolumikizidwa.
Nkhaniyi ikufanizira mapangidwe ophatikizika ndi kubwezeredwa pambuyo pake pazinthu zitatu zamtengo wapatali - kulimbikitsa, ndandanda, ndi mtengo wonse - ndipo imapereka chigamulo cha ntchito zamafakitale.
Chifukwa Chake Kubwezeretsanso Nthawi zambiri Kumawononga Zambiri
Madenga omwe Alipo Mwina Sangakhale ndi Katundu Wokwanira
Ma solar ogawidwa amawonjezera katundu wokhazikika pafupifupi 15-26 kg / m². Mapangidwe a denga omwe analipo mwina adatengera katundu wa 0.5 kN/m² padenga lomwe silinapangidwe kuti lizifika nthawi zonse. Katundu wa solar akaphatikizidwa ndi mphepo ndi chipale chofewa, madenga akale ambiri amakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa zotsalira.
Zomwe zatchulidwa m'mabuku a mbiri yakale zimasonyeza zimenezo zosakwana 50% a madenga alipo zitsulo kudutsa structural katundu cheke pamaso unsembe dzuwa. Pafupifupi theka lingafunike kulimbikitsidwa ma modules asanayikidwe.
Kulimbitsa Kumawononga Bajeti
Ngati kuwunika kukuwonetsa kusakwanira, kulimbikitsanso kungafunike - zigawo zazikulu, zomangira zowonjezera, zowongolera, kapena zambiri zolumikizira. Kulimbitsa nthawi zambiri kumatengera 15% -25% za bajeti yonse yobwezeretsanso.
Ndi mapangidwe ophatikizika, katundu, makulidwe a padenga, ndi mawonekedwe a purlin amayankhidwa pazojambula zoyambirira, kupewa siteji yolimbikitsa yosiyana.
Schedule and Production Downtime
Kubwezeretsanso nthawi zambiri kumafuna kusokoneza kwapang'onopang'ono: kumanga ndi kuyendetsa mbewu poyamba, kuchotsani magawo a denga, kuchotsa zotchingira, kukhazikitsa solar system, ndikubwezeretsanso denga.
Mapangidwe ophatikizika amagwirizanitsa ma module, makina okwera, ma tray a chingwe, ndi mapanelo apadenga mu mtundu wa BIM. Zigawo ndi prefabricated mu fakitale, ndi ntchito malo makamaka kumaphatikizapo kukweza ndi kulumikiza mapulagi. Kupanga mphamvu kumatha kuyamba denga likamalizidwa, popanda gawo lachiwiri loyika.
Kuwerengera Zinthu Zitatu Zotsika
Kuyerekeza pansipa kumagwiritsa ntchito denga la mafakitale la 10,000 m² lokhala ndi mphamvu yoyika pafupifupi 1.2 MWp (megawatt-peak).
| Mbali | Integrated BIPV design | Retrofit (BAPV) | Gwero la kusiyana |
| Kulimbitsa kwamapangidwe | 0 | 15% -25% ya bajeti yobwezeretsanso | Denga lomwe lilipo likulephera kufufuza katundu |
| Zida zofolera | Integrated envelopu + modules | Mapepala azitsulo + pambuyo pake makina oyikapo | Kaya denga ndi ma modules akuphatikizidwa |
| Ndondomeko yapatsamba | Kupanga magetsi pamene chomera chatha | Kuyimitsidwa kwagawo limodzi kapena awiri pambuyo poyambira | Kaya ntchito ikuchitika mu magawo |
| Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo | 8% -12% kuchepetsa (monga momwe zafotokozedwera) | 0 | Malumikizidwe ogawana + magawo okometsedwa + denga lophatikizika |
| Ma tray a chingwe ndi mwayi wokonza | Zosungidwa pamalo opangira | Kenako kubowola + kukhazikitsa | Kaya dzuwa limaganiziridwa pakupanga siteji |
| Zaka 25 zopangira mphamvu zamagetsi | Zosasinthika | Zosasinthika | Zofanana ndi mphamvu yoyikapo yofanana |
Kutengedwa pamodzi, kamangidwe kaphatikizidwe kangachepetse ndalama zonse ndi 15% -25% ndikufupikitsa ndandanda ndi 30% -50% poyerekeza ndi kubwezeretsanso.
Zindikirani: "Bajeti yobwezeretsanso" patebulo imatanthawuza mtengo wonse wosinthira denga, kuphatikiza mitengo yamagulu. Kulimbikitsa kwachimangidwe nthawi zambiri kumakhala 15% -25% ya bajetiyo.
Ndi Ntchito Zotani Zogwirizana ndi Mapangidwe Ophatikiza?
Osati chomera chatsopano chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi dzuwa muzojambula zoyambirira. Mapangidwe ophatikizika ndi oyenera makamaka pamitundu inayi ya polojekiti:
- Geometry yokhazikika padenga -masanjidwe a rectangular, multibay, kapena sawtooth amatha kugwiritsa ntchito ma module.
- Kufunika kwakukulu kwa magetsi masana-mbiri ya katunduyo ikugwirizana kwambiri ndi kupanga kwa dzuwa, zomwe zingathe kulola kudzigwiritsira ntchito kuposa 70%.
- Denga likuyembekezeka kukhala muutumiki kwa zaka zopitilira 15-ndalama zoyamba zitha kufalikira pa nthawi yayitali yautumiki.
- Makina okhwima am'deralo a BIPV-ma envulopu ndi zida za dzuwa zitha kufananizidwa ndi wogulitsa m'modzi, kupewa kusaka kwapatsogolo kwa ogulitsa.
Milandu yocheperako zikuphatikizapo zomera zazing'ono, madenga osakhazikika, kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi otsika kwambiri, kapena misika yopanda makina okhwima a BIPV; kubwezeredwa kwa BAPV pambuyo pake kungakhale kopanda ndalama.
Mfundo Zitatu Zogwirizanitsa
Katundu Zongoganizira
Phatikizani mphamvu ya 15-26kg/m² yokhazikika ya solar powerengera zoyambira. Madenga, ma purlins, trusses, zigawo, ndi zolumikizira ziyenera kupangidwa kuti zikhale zophatikizana kuyambira pachiyambi, m'malo mosiya mphamvu kuti muwonjezere mtsogolo.
Kuphatikiza Padenga ndi Ma module a Solar
Padenga lachitsulo lachitsulo, denga limayikidwa poyamba ndipo ma modules a dzuwa amaikidwa pamwamba pake. Integrated BIPV imagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo la denga momwe denga la denga limapanga gawo la msonkhano wa dzuwa.
Izi zimapereka maubwino atatu omwe angakhalepo:
- Sankhani denga ndi zida za dzuwa kuti mukhale ndi moyo wogwirizana (zaka 25).
- Kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwa mphepo yamkuntho chifukwa ma modules ndi denga zimakhala ngati dongosolo lophatikizika.
- Kuwoneka koyera popanda mafelemu okwera owonekera.
Ma tray a Cable ndi Kupezako Kukonza
Ma tray osungira ma chingwe, malo ophatikizira-mabokosi, njira zoyeretsera ma module, ndi njira zowongolera m'zojambula. Kubowola mabowo pambuyo pake kumatha kuwononga denga ndikupanga malo ena otayira.
FAQ
Q1: Kodi mapangidwe ophatikizika adzachedwetsa kumanga nyumbayo?
Osati kwenikweni. Kulumikizana kwa BIPV kumachitika makamaka pakapangidwe, pomwe kuyika kwa fakitale ndikumanga kwamalo kumatha kupitilira limodzi ndi chitsulo chokhazikika. Ma module, zida zoyikira, ma tray a chingwe, ndi mapanelo apadenga amafika ngati gawo la phukusi limodzi logwirizana, kotero dongosolo lonse likhoza kukhalabe losasinthika.
Q2: Kodi kuchepetsa 8% -12% pakugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo kumawerengedwa bwanji?
Kuyerekeza kumaphatikiza zotsatira zitatu: tsatanetsatane wolumikizana nawo pambuyo pa denga ndi ma module aphatikizidwa, magawo okongoletsedwa potengera katundu womaliza wa sola, ndi denga / envelopu yosavuta.
Q3: Kodi denga la 15-26 kg/m² liyenera kusankhidwa bwanji?
Zimatengera mtundu wa module, makonzedwe okwera, ndi ngodya yopendekera. Ma module okhala ndi lathyathyathya padenga lathyathyathya amatha kuwonjezera 15-20 kg/m², pomwe makina opendekera amatha kuwonjezera 20-26 kg/m². Katswiri wazomangamanga ayenera kutsimikizira kapangidwe kake motsutsana ndi zomwe mphepo yam'deralo imafunikira komanso kuchuluka kwa chipale chofewa.
Q4: Ngati denga lomwe lilipo likulephera kuwunika kwadongosolo, kodi zikutanthauza kuti solar silingayikidwe?
Ayi. Kulimbitsa ndi njira yokhazikika komanso yokhazikika. Vuto silimangotanthauza ngati kukhazikitsa kuli kotheka, koma kuchuluka kwa ndalama zomwe zingawononge komanso kuchuluka kwa kupanga komwe kungasokoneze poyerekeza ndi mapangidwe ophatikizika.
Q5: Kodi denga lophatikizidwa la BIPV litha kukhala zaka 25?
Denga, ma modules, zida zoyikapo, ndi zisindikizo zonse ziyenera kusankhidwa kwa moyo wautumiki wazaka 25. Ngati denga lachitsulo la zaka 5-10 likuphatikizidwa ndi ma modules a zaka 25, moyo wa dongosolo lonse udakali wochepa ndi gawo lalifupi la moyo. Kufananiza moyo wautumiki ndiye mfundo yayikulu yopangira BIPV.
Malangizo Othandiza kwa Eni Ntchito
Pokonzekera pulojekiti ndi siteji yokonza malingaliro-osati zojambula zomanga zatha - samalirani dzuwa ngati gawo lofunikira m'malo mongowonjezera.
Chisankhochi chimakhudza:
- Kaya mawonekedwe a denga amapangidwira katundu wa dzuwa kuyambira pachiyambi.
- Kaya dongosolo lophatikizika padenga-padenga limasankhidwa.
- Kaya ma tray a chingwe ndi njira zokonzera zosungidwiratu.
- Kaya kulumikizidwa kwa gridi ndikuphatikizidwa mundandanda yayikulu ya polojekiti.
Kuthetsa mafunso anayiwa pakuwunika koyambirira kwapangidwe ndi zotsika mtengo kuposa kukonzanso zojambula pambuyo pake.
Mukukonzekera malo opangira mafakitale atsopano? Imelo: info@xzbesta.com
