Cov nqi hluav taws xob tau nce siab, thiab ntau tus tswv ntawm lub Hoobkas tab tom saib lawv cov ru tsev tsis siv los ua qhov chaw muaj peev xwm rau hnub ci PV.
Dab tsi yuav tsum tau ua ntej? Feem ntau cov tswv pib los ntawm kev nug cov tuam txhab hnub ci rau cov nqi module. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog ib nrab ntawm daim duab. Rau lub tuam tsev steel-framed uas twb muaj lawm, thawj kauj ruam yog kev ntsuam xyuas cov qauv. Yog tias lub ru tsev tsis tuaj yeem txhawb nqa qhov system zoo, qhov project economics tsis ntxiv.
Ib qho kev lag luam kwv yees tso tus nqi dhau rau PV load-capacity checks ntawm cov ru tsev hlau uas twb muaj lawm qis dua 50%. Yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov tuam tsev qub qub yuav xav tau kev txhawb nqa ua ntej hnub ci tuaj yeem teeb tsa. Kev hla qhov kev ntsuam xyuas thiab mus ncaj nraim rau kev teeb tsa tuaj yeem ua rau purlin deformation, ru tsev xau, lossis txawm tias muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb.
Phau ntawv qhia no piav qhia peb qhov kev kuaj xyuas, lawv cov txheej txheem dhau / tsis ua haujlwm, thiab cov nqi qhia yog tias lub ru tsev tsis dhau qhov kev ntsuas.
Kos 1: Load-Bearing Peev Xwm
Yuav Ua Li Cas
Xyuas seb tus qauv tsim puas muaj peev xwm thauj khoom txaus nyob rau hauv cia. Lub ru tsev PV system (modules, mounting qauv thiab cables), ntsia thaum uas tig mus rau lub ru tsev nqes hav, ntxiv kwv yees li ntawm 15-26 kg/m² (0.15-0.26 kN/m²).
Qhov ntawd yuav tsis zoo li ntau, tab sis nws yog tas mus li tuag load. Tus qauv qub feem ntau xav tias qhov hnyav ntawm tsuas yog 0.5 kN / m² rau lub ru tsev tsis npaj rau kev nkag mus li niaj zaus. Thaum PV tuag load yog ua ke nrog cua thiab daus loads, nws tuaj yeem yooj yim siv cov peev txheej ntxiv.
Pass/Fail Criteria
| Cov khoom soj ntsuam | Hla | Ua tsis tiav |
| Kev nyuaj siab piv nyob rau hauv cov neeg tuag, nyob, cua thiab daus load | Tsis pub dhau qhov txwv | Tshaj qhov txwv |
| Main ncej deflection | ≤ L / 250 (kev coj ua hauv kev lag luam) | Tshaj qhov txwv |
| Kem-saum kev hloov chaw | Hauv cov cai txwv | Tshaj qhov txwv |
Yog hais tias lub ru tsev tsis ua hauj lwm: Txhim kho lub ntsiab ncej, piv txwv li los ntawm kev nce cov tswv cuab qhov ntau thiab tsawg los yog ntxiv bracing. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntsuas tus nqi ntxiv thiab yuav tsum tau ua qhov project tshwj xeeb engineering tsim.
Kos 2: Purlin Span thiab Tshooj Loj
Yuav Ua Li Cas
PV mounting clamps yog tsau rau purlins. Vim hais tias cov purlins yog Ameslikas loj rau cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm, ib qho ntxiv 15-26 kg / m² yuav thawb lawv dhau lawv lub peev xwm. Rau cov tuam tsev portal-thav duab nrog C- lossis Z-section purlins, ob txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo tuaj yeem siv rau kev tshuaj ntsuam thawj zaug:
- Purlin ncua ntawm ib ncig ntawm 6 m nrog ib ntu kev xaiv hauv qab 180 → zoo li yuav dhau qhov kev txwv
- Purlin ncua ntawm ib ncig ntawm 8 m nrog ib ntu kev xaiv hauv qab 220 → zoo li yuav dhau qhov kev txwv
Pass/Fail Criteria
| Cov khoom soj ntsuam | Hla | Ua tsis tiav |
| Purlin stress ratio | Tsis pub dhau qhov txwv | Tshaj qhov txwv |
| Purlin deflection | ≤ L / 150 | Tshaj qhov txwv |
| Kev sib txuas / khi (thaum ncua> 6 m) | Yam tsawg kawg 2 kab | Tsuas yog 1 kab; kev pheej hmoo ntawm lateral instability |
Yog hais tias lub purlins tsis txaus tab sis lub ntsiab ncej muaj peev xwm txaus, ntxiv dag zog lossis hloov cov purlins nkaus xwb yog qhov kev xaiv tswj tau ntau dua thiab feem ntau yog tus nqi qis tshaj ntawm peb qhov kev ntsuas.
Kos 3: Corrosion Condition
Yuav Ua Li Cas
Tshawb xyuas cov txheej tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm qhov chaw hla ntu. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov chaw uas muaj plua plav lossis dej sib sau, cov chaw yuav rov ntub dej thiab ziab, kev sib txuas thiab qhov chaw zais, thiab cov npoo ntawm lub ru tsev qhib.
Txoj kev: Ua ntej tshuaj xyuas cov txheej rau kev puas tsuaj. Ntawm qhov chaw puas lawm, siv lub ntsuas ntsuas ultrasonic thickness los yog calipers los ntsuas cov khoom siv tiag tiag thiab sib piv nrog cov thawj seem qhov ntev.
Pass/Fail Criteria
| Cov khoom soj ntsuam | Hla | Ua tsis tiav |
| Kev tiv thaiv txheej | Intact los yog kho tau | Dav txheej tsis ua hauj lwm |
| Hla-sectional poob vim corrosion | ≤ 5% | > 5% |
| Kev sib txuas (welds / bolts) | Tsis muaj looseness los yog tawg | Loose fasteners los yog tawg welds |
Yog tias qhov kev poob qis vim yog corrosion ntau tshaj 5%, thov kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab ntxiv dag zog rau qhov cuam tshuam ua ntej rov ntsuas lub ru tsev lub peev xwm rau PV loads. Cov teeb meem kev sib txuas yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj txhua yam: kho cov kev sib txuas ua ntej xav txog kev teeb tsa hnub ci.
Yog lub ru tsev tsis: Qhov twg nyiaj mus
Indicative kev lag luam nqi ranges:
| Kev kho mob ua haujlwm | Qhov taw qhia tus nqi | Sau ntawv |
| Kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv kev suav | US $1,400–4,200 | Yuav tsum tau; koom nrog lub tuam txhab tsim nyog engineering lossis steel-structure tuam txhab rau kev tsim qauv thiab kev txheeb xyuas |
| Purlin reinforcement / hloov | US $2,800–7,000 | Qhov feem ntau qhov kev txhawb nqa |
| Main-frame reinforcement | US $11,000–21,000 | Nce tus tswv cuab qhov ntau thiab tsawg / ntxiv bracing; xav tau qhov project tshwj xeeb tsim |
| Kev txhawb nqa Foundation | US $14,000–28,000 | Qhov kev xaiv dav tshaj plaws; thawj zaug paub meej tias nws puas tsim nyog |
Cov ntaub ntawv ceeb toom: Ib lub Hoobkas tau teeb tsa PV yam tsis tau ua cov txheej txheem suav ua ntej. Ib xyoos tom qab, nws cov purlins tau sagged los ntawm 5 cm. Kev kho thiab kev txhawb nqa raug nqi kwv yees li US $ 25,000, thiab kev tsim khoom raug tso tseg rau ib hlis.
Kev ntsuas lub ru tsev tsuas yog ob peb txhiab nyiaj xwb. Kev hla nws txhais tau tias muab lub ru tsev muaj nqis ntau pua txhiab nyiaj-thiab tag nrho cov kab ntau lawm-muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Tom qab Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Case rau Integrated Design
Thaum lub ru tsev dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, xav txog kev sib koom ua ke PV rau hauv cov qauv tsim es tsis yog siv cov qauv siv PV (BAPV) retrofit.
- PV modules tuaj yeem hloov tau ib feem ntawm lub ru tsev cladding nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev-integrated PV (BIPV) tsim, muaj peev xwm txo tau es tsis txhob nce lub load mus tas li.
- Npaj cov mounting thiab txuas cov ntsiab lus rau hauv cov duab kos los ntawm qhov pib kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw.
- Rau lub ru tsev ntev nrog lub peev xwm thauj khoom tsawg, BIPV tuaj yeem tshem tawm lossis txo cov nqi ntxiv.
Rau lub Hoobkas tshiab, qhov no txhais tau tias "ib qho qauv tsim, ib theem kev tsim kho, thiab tsim hluav taws xob tsim hauv." Rau ib lub Hoobkas uas twb muaj lawm uas dhau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas, ib qho kev ua kom zoo dua qub tseem yog qhov kev xaiv siv tau - tab sis cov ntsiab lus kev sib txuas thiab kev xa khoom thauj yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm pab pawg tsim qauv nrog kev txawj ntse steel.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q1: Puas yog kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv tsim nyog ua ntej kev teeb tsa lub hnub ci?
Yog lawm. Kev lag luam kwv yees muab tus nqi dhau rau PV kev kuaj xyuas ntawm cov ru tsev hlau uas twb muaj lawm hauv qab 50%. Kev suav cov qauv pab tswj qhov kev pheej hmoo no; ntawm US $ 1,400–4,200, lawv yog ib qho ntawm cov kev tiv thaiv kim tshaj plaws hauv qhov project.
Q2: Lub Hoobkas puas tuaj yeem muaj hnub nyoog 20 xyoo tseem txhawb hnub ci?
Hnub nyoog ib leeg tsis yog kev txiav txim siab. Lub tsev qub yuav dhau mus yog tias muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab tus qauv tsim muaj peev xwm txaus nyob rau hauv cia. Yog tias qhov kev cuam tshuam txog kev cuam tshuam corrosion ntau tshaj qhov kev txwv, siv kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab ntxiv dag zog rau nws ua ntej.
Q3: Leej twg yuav tsum npaj daim ntawv tshaj tawm kev ntsuam xyuas?
Lub tuam txhab tsim nyog engineering lossis steel-structure tuam txhab yuav tsum tau tshaj tawm tsab ntawv ceeb toom. Nws yuav tsum sau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke, qhov sib piv ntawm kev ntxhov siab, kev tshawb pom deflection, thiab cov lus pom zoo ntxiv.
Q4: Dab tsi purlin ncua thiab seem loj yog feem ntau haum rau lub hnub ci ru tsev?
Raws li thawj txoj cai ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo, C- lossis Z-section purlins nrog ntu ntu ntawm qhov tsawg kawg yog 180 ntawm qhov ntev ntawm ib ncig ntawm 6 m, lossis 220 ntawm ib ncig ntawm 8 m, feem ntau yuav dhau los ntawm PV loads. Kev tsim nyog kawg yuav tsum tau lees paub los ntawm kev suav cov qauv.
Tsis paub tseeb tias koj lub ru tsev tuaj yeem txhawb hnub ci? Xa qhov span, purlin loj, xyoo tsim, thiab cov duab ru tsev rau kev ntsuam xyuas ua ntej pub dawb. Email: info@xzbesta.com
