Tib yam BIPV ru tsev system tuaj yeem ua tsis tiav hauv peb txoj kev sib txawv kiag li thaum ntsia hauv peb qhov chaw sib txawv.
Nyob rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, corrosion yog thawj qhov kev pheej hmoo. Hauv cov suab puam, qhov kub thiab txias thiab plua plav coj lawv tus xov tooj hu. Ntawm qhov siab siab, khaus UV hluav taws xob thiab cov daus daus ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb loj. Cov cheeb tsam no muaj qhov sib txawv - thiab qee zaum tsis sib haum - xav tau ntawm cov qauv, lub tsev lub hnab ntawv, thiab PV modules.
Ntau qhov project tseem siv tib cov qauv siv vov tsev tsis hais qhov chaw nyob. Txoj hauv kev ntawd tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv huab cua me me hauv av, tab sis nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig hnyav nws tuaj yeem tso ntau qhov tsis zoo uas tsis tau hais txog. Kab lus no tshuaj xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm ib puag ncig kev ntxhov siab, kev ua haujlwm tsis ua haujlwm, thiab kev txiav txim siab tsim yam tsawg kawg nkaus rau txhua qhov chaw.
Vim li cas Hnyav Ib puag ncig yog qhov Kev Ntsuas Kev Nyuaj Siab tiag tiag rau BIPV
Peb Ib puag ncig, Peb Txoj Kev Ua Tsis Taus
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm BIPV thiab cov pa vov tsev yog qhov PV modules lawv tus kheej ua ib feem ntawm lub tsev lub hnab ntawv. Qhov no txhais tau tias lawv yuav tsum ua peb txoj haujlwm ib txhij: lub zog tsim hluav taws xob, kev tiv thaiv dej, thiab kev thauj khoom. Kev ua tsis tiav hauv ib qho ntawm cov chaw no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lwm qhov.
Corrosion ua ntej tawm tsam fasteners thiab txuas daim hlau, ua raws li modules thiab junction boxes. Cov kub kub txo cov hluav taws xob tsim hluav taws xob thaum ua kom cov khoom siv encapsulation nrawm nrawm. UV hluav taws xob degrades lub backsheet thiab encapsulant ua ntej, uas yuav ua rau rwb thaiv tsev tsis ua hauj lwm lub sij hawm.
Cov qauv sib txawv thoob plaws peb txoj kev ua tsis tiav yog qhov ntawd tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim tam sim ntawd. Hloov chaw, kev puas tsuaj nce zuj zus thaum thawj tsib xyoos, nrog cov teeb meem tshwm sim ntau dua ntawm xyoo tsib thiab yim.
Yog vim li cas Cov Kev Cai Lij Choj Ru Tsev Tsis Txaus
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv tsim cov vov tsev yog cov dej tsis muaj dej thiab cov khoom siv thauj khoom muaj peev xwm. Kev tiv thaiv corrosion thiab cov khoom laus feem ntau raug soj ntsuam raws li qhov kev xav ntawm "kev lag luam ib puag ncig".
Ib puag ncig hnyav xav tau kev sib txawv. Siv cov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv ua piv txwv: rau tib cov hlau tiv thaiv, C3 lossis C4 kev tiv thaiv corrosion kuj yuav txaus rau qhov project hauv av, thaum ib qhov project nyob rau hauv 500 meters ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv yuav xav tau C5-M kev tiv thaiv, nyob ntawm seb qhov raug mob thiab cov qauv siv tau. Qhov yuav tsum tau txheej thickness tuaj yeem sib txawv los ntawm ntau tshaj ob npaug, ua rau tus nqi sib txawv.
| Ib puag ncig | Yam Tseem Ceeb Ntawm Kev Nyuaj Siab | Hom Failure Hom | Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb |
| Ntug hiav txwv | ntsev tsuag, chloride ions, high humidity | Fastener corrosion, txuas phaj corrosion, dawb corrosion me ntsis ntawm module thav ntawv | Corrosion tiv thaiv qeb, txheej thickness, kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau tsis sib xws |
| Suab puam | Qhov kub thiab txias, xuab zeb thiab plua plav, cua txias, qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv loj | Fais fab tso zis degradation, hmoov av tsub zuj zuj ntawm iav, cua uplift puas | Kub coefficient, cua uplift-resistant nthuav dav, tu nkag |
| Siab siab | Kev kub siab UV hluav taws xob, tsis tshua muaj kub, daus loads, loj hnub-hmo kub hloov pauv | Backsheet cracking, encapsulant yellowing, snow-load puas tsuaj | Cov khoom siv huab cua tsis kam, kev xam cov daus-load, cov dej ntws |
Cov phiaj xwm ntug dej hiav txwv: Corrosion yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws
ISO 12944 C5-M txhais li cas?
Raws li kev faib tawm atmospheric corrosivity nyob rau hauv ISO 12944-2, cov chaw ntug dej hiav txwv nyob hauv 500 meters ntawm kev tawg nthwv dej tuaj yeem poob rau hauv qeb C5-M, qhia tias muaj kev kub ntxhov heev, nyob ntawm qhov tseeb ib puag ncig.
Qhov no tsis yog ib qho teeb meem ntawm kev thov kev tiv thaiv me ntsis. Hauv C5-M ib puag ncig, tus nqi txhua xyoo corrosion ntawm carbon hlau tuaj yeem yog tsib mus rau kaum npaug siab dua hauv C3 ib puag ncig. Cov khoom siv hlau tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog tuaj yeem tsim kev xeb loj thiab kev poob qis hauv peb mus rau tsib xyoos.
Yam tsawg kawg nkaus uas yuav tsum muaj rau txheej txheej thiab xaiv fastener
Nyob rau hauv C5-M ib puag ncig, kub-dip galvanizing yuav tsum tau ntau dua txheej thickness:
| Qeb Corrosion | Ib puag ncig ib puag ncig | Steel Txheej Thickness yuav tsum tau | Pom zoo tiv thaiv System |
| C3 | Hauv nroog; kev lag luam ib puag ncig | 55-70 m | Kub-dip galvanizing, los yog primer + topcoat |
| C4 | Cov chaw lag luam, me me corrosive ntug dej hiav txwv ib puag ncig | 70-85 hli | Kub-dip galvanizing + epoxy intermediate coat + polyurethane topcoat |
| C5-M | Tsis pub dhau 500 m ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv, offshore ib puag ncig | 85-100 μm (rau cov khoom tuab dua 6 hli); ≥120 μm rau marine engineering Cheebtsam | Kub-dip galvanizing + duplex txheej txheej, nrog tag nrho cov yeeb yaj kiab qhuav tuab ntawm ≥300 μm |
Fasteners yog lwm yam nthuav dav uas feem ntau tsis saib xyuas. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig C5-M, zoo tib yam zinc-plated bolts tuaj yeem tsim cov kab xeb hauv ob mus rau peb xyoos. 316 stainless hlau fasteners yog tsim nyog xav txog, los yog insulating washers tuaj yeem ntsia tau ntawm cov ntsiab lus sib txawv-hlau los pab tiv thaiv galvanic corrosion.
PV modules kuj muaj cov kev cai tshwj xeeb. Tsis txaus anodizing ntawm txhuas thav duab los yog tsis txaus junction-box sealing tuaj yeem ua rau dawb corrosion deposits los yog dej ingress nyob rau hauv ob mus rau peb lub xyoos.
Desert Projects: Qhov Kev Sib Tw Ob Qhov Kub Kub thiab Plua Plav
Module Kub thiab Fais fab poob
Hauv thaj chaw suab puam, PV module ua haujlwm kub tuaj yeem ncav cuag 65-70 ° C. Crystalline silicon modules muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub zog kub coefficient, feem ntau yog li ntawm -0.25% mus rau -0.35% / ° C rau cov khoom tseem ceeb.
Siv qhov kub thiab txias coefficient ntawm −0.3% / ° C, tus txheeb ze zog tso zis txo los ntawm kwv yees li 12% raws li lub module kub nce los ntawm 25 ° C tus qauv kuaj mob (STC) mus rau 65 ° C. Ntawm 70 ° C, qhov txo qis mus txog 14%.
| Module kub | Lub zog sib txheeb (ntawm -0.3% / ° C) | Kev piav qhia |
| 25 ° C | 100% | Standard Test Conditions (STC) |
| 45 ° C | 94% | Sunny caij ntuj sov tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv temperate climates |
| 55 ° C | 91% | Lub caij ntuj sov tej yam kev mob nyob rau hauv Central Asia thiab Middle East |
| 65 ° C | 88% | Kev khaus ib nrab hnub hnub ci irradiance nyob rau hauv suab puam ib puag ncig |
| 70 ° C | 86.5% | Kev ua haujlwm hnyav heev |
Thaum xaiv cov modules, N-hom TOPCon thiab HJT thev naus laus zis feem ntau muab cov coefficients qis dua li cov qauv PERC, uas muaj peev xwm muab tau qhov zoo dua hauv cov txiaj ntsig tiag tiag hauv cov suab puam.
Av, Sandstorms, thiab Cua Uplift
Qhov kev sib tw thib ob hauv thaj chaw suab puam yog plua plav . Thaum cov av ntom ntom ncav cuag 20 g / m², module efficiency yuav txo tau los ntawm 15-35%. Kev poob av txhua xyoo hauv Middle East tuaj yeem nyob ntawm 12% mus rau 25%, thaum thaj chaw nyob ntawm Sahara cov fringes tuaj yeem poob ntawm 15-30%.
Qhov no txhais tau tias kev ntxuav tsis yog xaiv tau; nws yog ib qho kev siv nyiaj rov siv dua. Kev tu cov kev nkag mus, kev saib xyuas txoj hauv kev, cov ntsiab lus dej, lossis cov tshuab txhuam hniav qhuav yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim los ntawm qhov pib.
Cua uplift yog qhov kev sib tw thib peb. Cov cua kub hloov pauv cuam tshuam nrog cov cua daj cua dub tuaj yeem hnyav dua li cov uas tau ntsib nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej cua. Fastener spacing, sawv-seam cov ntsiab lus, thiab cua-uplift kuj ntawm module clamps yuav tsum tau muab xam raws li nyob rau hauv lub zos cua loads.
High-Altitude Projects: UV Radiation, Kub Kub, thiab daus Loads
UV Intensity thiab Material Aging
Rau txhua txhua 1,000-meter nce hauv qhov siab, atmospheric filtering ntawm UV hluav taws xob txo qis, ua rau kwv yees li 10-12% nce hauv UV irradiance.
Cov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb ntawm PV modules cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog silicon, suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv rov qab, cov yeeb yaj kiab encapsulant, hlws ris-box plastics, thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev.
Rau cov phiaj xwm siab siab, cov ntawv rov qab nrog cov ntsuas huab cua siab dua tau pom zoo. POE lossis TPO encapsulants tuaj yeem nyiam dua li cov qauv EVA, nyob ntawm seb qhov qauv tsim thiab ib puag ncig yuav tsum tau ua. Nyob rau hauv kev raug UV khaus, EVA tuaj yeem raug ntau dua rau yellowing thiab acid tsim.
Qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov zoo; Daus Loads yog qhov txaus ntshai
Qhov kub tsis tshua muaj peev xwm muaj txiaj ntsig tsim hluav taws xob. Vim tias PV modules muaj qhov kub tsis zoo coefficient, qis kev ua haujlwm kub tuaj yeem ua rau lub zog tso tawm siab tshaj qhov ntsuas. Nyob rau hnub tshav ntuj ntawm qhov chaw siab tshaj, cov khoom tso tawm module tuaj yeem tshaj qhov ntsuas lub zog los ntawm ntau dua 10%.
Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntau dua yog daus daus. Daus loads nyob rau hauv high-altitude cheeb tsam yog feem ntau underestimated, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv accumulating aav nyob ze parapets, gutters, thiab kev hloov nyob rau hauv lub ru tsev. Localized daus loads yuav ncav cuag ob npaug ntawm tus nqi nruab nrab.
Snow-load tsim qhov tseem ceeb rau ob lub hnab ntawv lub tsev thiab cov qauv txhawb nqa yuav tsum tau muab xam rov qab siv cov ntaub ntawv huab cua hauv zos es tsis yog siv cov qauv tsim nyog los ntawm cov dej num qis.
Peb Lub Ntsiab Cai Tsim Qauv
Qhia meej txog kev tiv thaiv corrosion raws li qhov raug mob hnyav tshaj plaws
Yog tias ib qhov project raug cuam tshuam rau ob qho tib si ntug hiav txwv dej thiab kev lag luam muaj kuab paug, tus qauv tsim yuav tsum ua raws li cov kev cai nruj dua siv los tiv thaiv corrosion. Tsis txhob cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm ob theem raug.
Kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus nqi thiab kev pheej hmoo yog qhov tseeb: kev txhim kho cov kev tiv thaiv corrosion feem ntau suav nrog kev tswj hwm tus nqi ntxiv, thaum rov ua haujlwm thiab kev tsim khoom poob qis los ntawm corrosion tsis ua haujlwm tuaj yeem ua rau poob ntau dua.
Sib piv Cov Kev Pabcuam Lub Neej ntawm Lub Tsev Lub Hnab rau Qhov ntawm PV Modules
BIPV vov tsev feem ntau yog tsim los rau lub neej kev pab cuam nyob ib ncig ntawm 25 xyoo, thiab PV module warranty feem ntau txuas mus rau 25 xyoo.
Yog tias lub tsev ntawv lub tsev muaj lub neej ua haujlwm tiag tiag tsuas yog 15 xyoo, PV modules yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm kom lub ru tsev tuaj yeem hloov tau rau xyoo 16, ua rau tsis zoo rau qhov project tag nrho cov qauv kev lag luam.
Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem vov tsev yuav tsum yog li ntawd ua raws li qhov xav tau kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm PV modules, es tsis yog xaiv qhov kev xaiv pheej yig tshaj plaws.
Tsis txhob siv cov lus qhia ntxaws yam tsis muaj kev hloov kho
Peb thaj chaw tshwj xeeb yog muaj teeb meem:
- Kev sib cuag ntawm cov hlau tsis sib xws:Kev sib cuag ncaj qha ntawm aluminium module thav duab thiab galvanized steel purlins tuaj yeem ua rau galvanic corrosion nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ntub dej. Siv cov ntaub qhwv insulating los yog xaiv cov khoom siv tau los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo no.
- Qhov khoob thiab cov dej ntws tawm: Plua plav thiab ntsev tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke hauv qhov khoob, tsim cov ntsiab lus pib rau corrosion. Txoj kev tso dej yuav tsum tau tsim los tiv thaiv dej los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke.
- Fasteners thiab seals:Lub sealing washers ntawm tus kheej tapping screws tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo sai nyob rau hauv UV raug thiab kub kub, ua rau lawv ib txwm muaj kev tsis txaus siab ntawm lub ru tsev.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q1: Ntev npaum li cas BIPV lub vov tsev nyob hauv C5-M ib puag ncig?
Kev tiv thaiv C5-M tsim raws li cov qauv siv tau (kub-dip galvanizing + duplex txheej, nrog tag nrho cov yeeb yaj kiab qhuav tuab ntawm ≥300 μm) tuaj yeem ua tiav cov qauv tsim ntawm 15-25 xyoo (qhov "Hloov Siab" durability ntau yam txhais hauv ISO 12944-5). Kev pabcuam tiag tiag nyob ntawm kev saib xyuas. Kev tshuaj xyuas txheej yog pom zoo txhua 3-5 xyoos.
Q2: Puas yog PV modules rau cov haujlwm suab puam xav tau cov qauv tshwj xeeb?
Tsis tas li, tab sis cov txheej txheem xaiv txawv. Ua ntej modules nrog qis qis coefficients (N-hom TOPCon / HJT), cov iav tuab kom zoo dua rau cov cua daj cua dub, encapsulants tsim nyog rau cov cheeb tsam hnyav dua li cov pa EVA, thiab cov kev tu huv si.
Q3: Qhov kub thiab txias puas tuaj yeem ua rau PV modules tawg ntawm qhov siab?
Feem ntau, tsis muaj. PV module iav tuaj yeem muaj zog dua txhua yam ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Qhov txaus ntshai tiag tiag yog cov daus daus thiab rov khov dua tom qab snowmelt, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej khov ntawm cov dej ntws tawm.
Q4: Ntau npaum li cas cov phiaj xwm hauv cov cheeb tsam hnyav raug nqi ntau dua li cov haujlwm ua haujlwm?
Txhim kho kev tiv thaiv corrosion los ntawm C3 mus rau C5-M tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi steel ua haujlwm nce li ntawm 8% -15%, nyob ntawm thaj chaw thaj chaw thiab txheej txheej txheej. Nrog rau kev hloov kho fasteners thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm kev xaiv module, tag nrho cov nqi ntawm qhov project feem ntau nce li ntawm 10% -20%. Cov nuj nqis no yog qhov qhia tau thiab yuav tsum tau txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm qhov project thiab cov lus hais.
Q5: Peb puas tuaj yeem pib nrog tus qauv tsim thiab hloov pauv yog tias muaj teeb meem tshwm sim?
Qhov no tsis pom zoo. Hauv BIPV systems, PV modules tsim ib feem ntawm lub tsev hnab ntawv, thiab hloov lawv tuaj yeem raug nqi ntau npaum li kev tsim kho lub ru tsev. Corrosion thiab cov khoom laus zuj zus tuaj thiab tej zaum yuav tsis pom nyob rau hauv thawj tsib xyoos. Los ntawm lub sij hawm muaj teeb meem tshwm sim, cov qauv kev ncaj ncees thiab cov dej tsis zoo yuav raug cuam tshuam.
Xav tau kev daws teeb meem vov tsev kom haum rau koj qhov project qhov chaw ib puag ncig? Email: info@xzbesta.com
