Kuyafana Inkqubo yokuphahla ye-BIPV inokusilela ngeendlela ezintathu ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo xa ifakwe kwiindawo ezintathu ezahlukeneyo.
Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni, umhlwa ngowona mngcipheko uphambili. Kwiintlango, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nothuli luchaphazela kakubi. Kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, imitha ye-UV enamandla kunye nekhephu elithwalayo liba yinkxalabo enkulu. Ezi ndawo zibeka ezahlukeneyo-kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ziphikisana-iimfuno kwisakhiwo, imvulophu yokwakha, kunye neemodyuli zePV.
Iiprojekthi ezininzi zisasebenzisa uyilo oluqhelekileyo lokuphahla kungakhathaliseki indawo. Loo ndlela inokusebenza kakuhle kwimozulu epholileyo yangaphakathi, kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima inokushiya ubuthathaka obuninzi bungalungiswanga. Eli nqaku livavanya uxinzelelo oluphambili lokusingqongileyo, iindlela zokungaphumeleli, kunye neengqwalasela zoyilo oluncinci kwisimo ngasinye.
Kutheni i-Environment iluvavanyo lokwenyani loxinzelelo lwe-BIPV
Iindawo eziNtathu zokusiNgqongileyo, Iindlela eziNtathu zokusilela
Umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwe-BIPV kunye nophahla oluqhelekileyo kukuba iimodyuli ze-PV ngokwazo zenza inxalenye yemvulophu yokwakha. Oku kuthetha ukuba kufuneka benze imisebenzi emithathu ngaxeshanye: ukuvelisa umbane, ukuthintela amanzi, kunye nokuthwala imithwalo. Ukungaphumeleli kuyo nayiphi na enye yezi nkalo kunokubeka esichengeni ezinye ezimbini.
I-Corrosion ihlasela kuqala iziqhoboshi kunye neepleyiti zoqhagamshelo, zilandelwa yizakhelo zemodyuli kunye neebhokisi zokuhlangana. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokuveliswa kwamandla ngelixa kukhawulezisa ukuguga kwezinto ze-encapsulation. Imitha ye-UV yonakalisa i-backsheet kunye ne-encapsulant kuqala, okunokubangela ukusilela kokugquma ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Ipateni eqhelekileyo kuzo zontathu iindlela zokusilela yileyo ukusilela akufane kwenzeke ngesiquphe. Endaweni yoko, umonakalo uqokelelana ngokuthe ngcembe ebudeni beminyaka emihlanu yokuqala, iingxaki ziye zibonakale ngakumbi phakathi kweminyaka emihlanu nesibhozo.
Kutheni iindlela zokufulela eziqhelekileyo azanelanga
Iinjongo eziphambili zokuyila uphahla oluqhelekileyo kukungangeni kwamanzi kunye nomthamo wokuthwala umthwalo wesakhiwo. Ukukhuselwa komhlwa kunye nokuguga kwezinto zihlala zivavanywa ngokusekwe kwingqikelelo "yendawo yemizi-mveliso ngokubanzi."
Iimeko ezingqongileyo zifuna indlela eyahlukileyo. Thatha indawo yonxweme njengomzekelo: kwinxalenye yentsimbi efanayo, i-C3 okanye i-C4 ukukhuselwa kwe-corrosion inokwanela kwiprojekthi yangaphakathi, ngelixa iprojekthi ngaphakathi kweemitha ezingama-500 zonxweme ingadinga ukukhuselwa kwe-C5-M, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zangempela zokuvezwa kunye nemigangatho esebenzayo. Ubukhulu obufunekayo bokugquma bunokwahluka ngokuphindwe kabini, okukhokelela kumohluko omkhulu weendleko.
| Okusingqongileyo | Imiba ephambili yoxinzelelo | Iindlela zoKusilela eziqhelekileyo | Iingqwalasela ezingundoqo zoYilo |
| Unxweme | Ityuwa yokutshiza, i-chloride ion, ukufuma okuphezulu | I-Fastener corrosion, i-corrosion plate corrosion, amabala amhlophe e-corrosion kwizakhelo zemodyuli | Udidi lokukhusela ukubola, ukutyeba kokutyabeka, ukwahlukaniswa kweentsimbi ezingafaniyo |
| Intlango | Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, isanti kunye nothuli, imimoya enamandla, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu | Ukuthotywa kwemveliso yamandla, ukuqokelela uthuli kwiglasi, umonakalo wokunyusa umoya | Iqondo lobushushu elilingana nomgangatho, ukunyuswa komoya ukumelana nenkcukacha, ukufikelela ekucoceni |
| Ukuphakama okuphezulu | Imitha ye-UV enzulu, amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, ikhephu elithwele, ukuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu emini-ebusuku | Ukuqhekeka kwe-backsheet, i-encapsulant yellowing, umonakalo womthwalo wekhephu | Ukumelana nemozulu yezinto eziphathekayo, izibalo zomthwalo wekhephu, iindlela zokuhambisa amanzi |
IiProjekthi zaseluNxwemeni: Ukonakala ngowona Umba oPhambili
Ithetha ukuthini i-ISO 12944 C5-M?
Ngokohlelo lwe-atmospheric corrosivity kwi-ISO 12944-2, iziza eziselunxwemeni ezibekwe phakathi kweemitha ezingama-500 zamaza aqhekekileyo zinokuwela kudidi lwe-C5-M, nto leyo ebonisa ukonakaliswa okuphezulu kakhulu, ngokuxhomekeke kwezona meko zokusingqongileyo.
Lo ayingombandela nje wokusebenzisa ukhuseleko olungqongqo kancinane. Kwiindawo ze-C5-M, izinga lokubola lonyaka le-carbon steel linokuba ngamaxesha amahlanu ukuya kwishumi eliphakamileyo kuneendawo ze-C3. Amalungu entsimbi ngaphandle kokhuseleko olwaneleyo anokuphuhlisa umhlwa kunye nelahleko enqamlezayo phakathi kweminyaka emithathu ukuya kwemihlanu.
Ubuncinci beeMfuneko zoKutyabeka kunye noKhetho lweFastener
Kwiimeko-bume ze-C5-M, ukugalela idiphu eshushu kufuna ubukhulu becala ubukhulu bokugquma:
| Udidi loMhlwa | Okusingqongileyo okuqhelekileyo | IiMfuno zokutyeba kwentsimbi | Inkqubo yoKhuseleko ecetyiswayo |
| C3 | Izixeko zangaphakathi; iindawo zoshishino jikelele | 55–70 μm | I-Hot-dip galvanizing, okanye i-primer + topcoat |
| C4 | Iindawo zemizi-mveliso, iindawo ezingqonge unxweme ezidla ngokudlakaza | 70–85 μm | I-Hot-dip galvanizing + idyasi ye-epoxy ephakathi + i-polyurethane topcoat |
| C5-M | Ngaphakathi kwe-500 m yonxweme, imo engqongileyo ekude nonxweme | 85–100 μm (kumalungu atyebe kune-6 mm); ≥120 μm kumacandelo obunjineli baselwandle | I-Hot-dip galvanizing + i-duplex system yokugquma, enobunzima befilimu eyomileyo iyonke ≥300 μm |
Izibophelelo zezinye iinkcukacha ezidla ngokungahoywa. Kwiimeko ezingqongileyo ze-C5-M, iibholiti eziqhelekileyo ze-zinc-plated zinokuvelisa amabala erusi phakathi kweminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu. Iifasteners ezingama-316 zentsimbi engenastainless zifanelekile ukuba ziqwalaselwe, okanye iiwasha ezikhuselayo zingafakelwa kwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano ezingafaniyo-zentsimbi ukunceda ukuthintela ukubola kwegalvanic.
Iimodyuli zePV nazo zineemfuno ezithile. Ukungonelanga kwe-anodizing yezakhelo ze-aluminiyam okanye ukutywinwa okungonelanga kwebhokisi ye-junction kunokukhokelela kwidiphozithi yomhlwa emhlophe okanye ukungena kwamanzi kwiminyaka emibini ukuya kwemithathu.
IiProjekthi zeNtlango: Umngeni oMbini woBuqondo obuphezulu kunye nothuli
Ubushushu beModyuli kunye nokuLahla kwamandla
Kwiindawo ezisentlango, imodyuli ye-PV yokusebenza kwamaqondo obushushu anokufikelela kuma-65–70°C. Iimodyuli ze-crystalline silicon zine-coefficient yeqondo lokushisa elibi lamandla, ngokuqhelekileyo ukusuka -0.25% ukuya ku -0.35% / °C kwiimveliso eziqhelekileyo.
Ukusebenzisa i-coefficient yeqondo lobushushu elingu--0.3%/°C, imveliso yamandla enxulumeneyo iyancipha malunga ne-12% njengoko ubushushu bemodyuli bunyuka ukusuka kwi-25°C standard test condition (STC) ukuya kuma-65°C. Kwi-70 ° C, ukunciphisa kusondela kwi-14%.
| Ubushushu bemodyuli | Amandla aRelated Related (ku-−0.3%/°C) | Inkcazo |
| 25°C | 100% | Iimeko zovavanyo olusemgangathweni (STC) |
| 45°C | 94% | Iimeko zasehlotyeni ezinelanga kwimozulu epholileyo |
| 55°C | 91% | Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zasehlotyeni kuMbindi Asia nakuMbindi Mpuma |
| 65°C | 88% | I-radiance enkulu yelanga yasemini kwiindawo ezisentlango |
| 70°C | 86.5% | Iimeko zokusebenza ezigqithisileyo |
Xa ukhetha iimodyuli, i-N-uhlobo lwe-TOPCon kunye ne-HJT ubuchwepheshe bunikezela ngokubanzi i-coefficients yokushisa ephantsi kuneemodyuli eziqhelekileyo ze-PERC, ezinokuthi zinike inzuzo kwisivuno sangempela samandla phantsi kweemeko zentlango.
Ukungcoliswa komhlaba, izaqhwithi zesanti, kunye nokuPhakanyiswa koMoya
Umceli mngeni wesibini kwiindawo ezisentlango kukuqokelelana kothuli. Xa ukuxinana komhlaba kufikelela kwi-20 g/m², ukusebenza kwemodyuli kunokwehla nge-15–35%. Ilahleko yonyaka kuMbindi Mpuma inokuqala ukusuka kwi-12% ukuya kwi-25%, ngelixa iindawo ezisecaleni kwemida yeSahara zinokufumana ilahleko ye-15-30%.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukucoca akukhethi; yindleko yokusebenza rhoqo. Iindlela zokungena zokucoca, iindlela zokuhamba zolondolozo, iindawo zokubonelela ngamanzi, okanye iinkqubo zokubrasha ngebrashi ezomileyo zonke kufuneka zibandakanywe kuyilo kwasekuqaleni.
Ukuphakamisa umoya ngumceli mngeni wesithathu. Uxinzelelo lomoya odlulayo olunxulunyaniswa nezaqhwithi zesanti lunokuba bukhali ngakumbi kunolo kudibana neemeko zomoya eziqhelekileyo. Izithuba ezikhawulezayo, iinkcukacha zomthungo wokuma, kunye nokumelana nokunyuswa komoya kwezibambo zemodyuli kufuneka zonke zibalwe ngokutsha ngokusekelwe kwimithwalo yomoya yendawo.
IiProjekthi zoMphakamo oPhezulu: Imitha ye-UV, amaqondo obushushu aphantsi, kunye nomthwalo wekhephu
Ubunzulu be-UV kunye nokuguga kwezinto
Kuwo wonke umphakamo weemitha ezili-1,000, ukuhluzwa kwemitha ye-UV kuyancipha, okukhokelela ekunyukeni okuqikelelwayo kwe-10-12% kwi-UV imitha.
Iimpembelelo eziphambili kwiimodyuli ze-PV zichaphazela izinto ezingezizo i-silicon, ezibandakanya i-backsheets, iifilimu ze-encapsulant, iiplastiki zebhokisi ze-junction, kunye ne-cable insulation.
Kwiiprojekthi eziphakamileyo, ii-backsheets ezinemilinganiselo ephezulu yokumelana nemozulu iyacetyiswa. I-POE okanye i-TPO encapsulants inokukhethwa kune-EVA eqhelekileyo, ngokuxhomekeke kuyilo lwemodyuli kunye neemfuno zokusingqongileyo. Ngaphantsi kokuvezwa okukhulu kwe-UV, i-EVA inokuchaphazeleka ngakumbi kukutyheli kunye nokwakheka kweasidi.
Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi aluncedo; Imithwalo yekhephu ingumngcipheko
Amaqondo obushushu aphantsi anganceda ukuveliswa kwamandla. Ngenxa yokuba iimodyuli ze-PV zine-coefficient yeqondo lokushisa elibi, ukushisa okuphantsi kokusebenza kunokubangela ukukhutshwa kwamandla ngaphezu kwenqanaba elilinganisiweyo. Ngeentsuku ezinelanga kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, imveliso yemodyuli inokudlula amandla alinganisiweyo ngaphezu kwe-10%.
Umngcipheko omkhulu kukulayishwa kwekhephu. Umthwalo wekhephu kwiindawo eziphakamileyo uhlala ujongelwa phantsi, ngakumbi kwiindawo zokuqokelelana kufutshane neparapets, iigutter, kunye notshintsho ekuphakameni kophahla. Imithwalo yekhephu yendawo inokufikelela kabini kwixabiso eliphakathi.
Amaxabiso oyilo lomthwalo wekhephu kuzo zombini imvulophu yesakhiwo kunye nesakhiwo esixhasayo kufuneka sibalwe kwakhona kusetyenziswa idatha yemozulu yendawo endaweni yokwamkela amaxabiso asemgangathweni ukusuka kwiiprojekthi zobude obuphantsi.
Imigaqo emithathu yoYilo ePhambili
Cacisa uKhuseleko lokuTyakala oluSekwe kowona Mtyhilelo uNgamandla
Ukuba iprojekthi isesichengeni kuzo zombini iimeko zonxweme kunye nongcoliseko lwemizi-mveliso, uyilo kufuneka lulandele iimfuno ezingqongqo ezisebenzayo zokhuselo lomhlwa. Musa ukuyekelela ngokulinganisa amanqanaba amabini okuvezwa.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kweendleko kunye nomngcipheko bucacile: ukuphuculwa kodidi lokhuseleko lokutya ngokubanzi kubandakanya iindleko ezongezelelweyo ezilawulekayo, ngelixa ukusebenza ngokutsha kunye nexesha lokunciphisa imveliso okubangelwa kukungaphumeleli komhlwa kunokukhokelela kwilahleko ephindwe kaninzi.
Tshatisa uBomi beNkonzo yeMvulophu yoKwakha naleyo yeeModyuli zePV
Iinkqubo zokuphahla ze-BIPV ngokwesiqhelo ziyilelwe ubomi benkonzo obumalunga nama-25 eminyaka, kwaye iziqinisekiso zemodyuli ye-PV ziqhele ukunwenwa ukuya kwiminyaka engama-25.
Ukuba imvulophu yokwakha inobomi bokwenene benkonzo yeminyaka eyi-15 kuphela, iimodyuli ze-PV zingadinga ukususwa ukuze uphahla lutshintshwe ngonyaka we-16, lujonge phantsi imodeli yezoqoqosho jikelele yeprojekthi.
Ukukhetha inkqubo yophahla kufuneka ke ngoko kuhambelane nobomi benkonzo obulindelweyo beemodyuli zePV, endaweni yokukhetha olona khetho lufikelelekayo lunokusetyenzwa.
Musa ukusebenzisa iNgcaciso eqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuziqhelanisa
Iindawo ezintathu ezithandwa kakhulu kwiingxaki:
- Uqhagamshelwano phakathi kweentsimbi ezifanayo:Uqhagamshelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwezakhelo zemodyuli ze-aluminium kunye ne-galvanized steel purlins kunokubangela ukubola kwe-galvanic kwiindawo ezinomswakama. Sebenzisa i-insulating pads okanye ukhethe izinto ezihambelanayo ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.
- Izikhewu kunye neendlela zokuhambisa amanzi: Uthuli kunye netyuwa zinokuqokelelana kwizikhewu, zidale iindawo zokuqalisa eziqhelekileyo zomhlwa. Iindlela zokuhambisa amanzi kufuneka ziyilwe ukuthintela ukudityaniswa kwamanzi.
- Izibophelelo kunye nezitywina:Iiwasha zokutywina kwizikrufu zokuzicofa zinokuwohloka ngokukhawuleza phantsi kokuvezwa kwe-UV kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu, zibenze zibe ngumthombo wezikhalazo zokuvuza kophahla.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo
I-Q1: Ingaba inkqubo yokuphahla ye-BIPV ingahlala ixesha elingakanani kwindawo ye-C5-M?
Inkqubo yokukhusela ye-C5-M eyenzelwe ngokuhambelana nemigangatho esebenzayo (i-hot-dip galvanizing + duplex coating, kunye nobukhulu obupheleleyo befilimu eyomileyo ye-≥300 μm) inokufezekisa ukuqina koyilo lwe-15-25 iminyaka (uluhlu lokuqina "Oluphezulu kakhulu" oluchazwe kwi-ISO 12944-5). Obona bomi benkonzo buxhomekeke kugcino. Ukuhlolwa kwe-coating kuyacetyiswa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3-5.
I-Q2: Ngaba iimodyuli zePV zeeprojekthi zasentlango zifuna iimodeli ezizodwa?
Akunjalo, kodwa iindlela zokukhetha ziyahluka. Beka phambili iimodyuli ezine-coefficients ezisezantsi zobushushu (uhlobo lwe-N-TOPCon / HJT), iglasi engqindilili yokumelana ngcono nesanti evuthuzwa ngumoya, i-encapsulants ezifanelekileyo kwindawo enzima kune-EVA eqhelekileyo, kunye neendlela zokufikelela zokucoca ezizinikeleyo.
I-Q3: Ngaba ukushisa okuphantsi kunokubangela ukuba iimodyuli ze-PV ziqhekeke kwiindawo eziphakamileyo?
Ngokuqhelekileyo, akukho. Iglasi yemodyuli yePV eneneni inokuba namandla aphezulu koomatshini kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Imingcipheko yokwenyani yimithwalo yekhephu kunye nokukhenkceza kwakhona emva kokunyibilika kwekhephu, okunokubangela ukuvaleka komkhenkce kwiindawo zokukhupha amanzi.
I-Q4: Iiprojekthi ezikwiindawo ezinzima zibiza kangakanani kuneeprojekthi eziqhelekileyo?
Ukuphucula ukukhuselwa kwe-corrosion ukusuka kwi-C3 ukuya kwi-C5-M kunokunyusa iindleko ze-steelwork malunga ne-8% -15%, kuxhomekeke kwindawo yecandelo kunye nenkqubo yokugqoka. Kubandakanya izibophelelo eziphuculweyo kunye nomahluko ekukhetheni iimodyuli, iindleko zeprojekthi iyonke zonyuka nge-10% -20%. La manani abonisa kwaye kufuneka aqinisekiswe ngokuthelekiswa neyona meko yeprojekthi kunye neekowuteshini.
I-Q5: Ngaba sinokuqala ngoyilo oluqhelekileyo kwaye senze utshintsho ukuba kuvela iingxaki?
Oku akukhuthazwa. Kwiinkqubo ze-BIPV, iimodyuli ze-PV zenza inxalenye yemvulophu yesakhiwo, kwaye ukutshintshwa kwazo kunokubiza phantse ukwakhiwa kwakhona kophahla. Ukonakala kunye nokuguga kwezinto ezibonakalayo zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye zinokuhlala zingabonakali kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala. Ngexesha iingxaki zibonakala, ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo kunye nokuvalwa kwamanzi kunokuba sele kuchaphazeleke.
Ngaba ufuna isisombululo sophahla esilungiselelwe iimeko zokusingqongileyo zeprojekthi yakho? I-imeyile: info@xzbesta.com
