Ukuguqulwa kwamandla e-Asia Ephakathi akusona isihloko esisha. Nokho, kule minyaka emibili edlule, ingxoxo iye yasuka “ekuhleleni” yaya “kwethenda.”
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2026, amazwe amahlanu ase-Asia Emaphakathi akhiphe ithenda ehlanganisiwe engu-8.7 GW yamaphrojekthi we-solar PV kanye namaphrojekthi okugcina amandla, amele ukwanda konyaka nonyaka ngo-127%. Ingqikithi kulindeleke ukuthi idlule ku-15 GW unyaka wonke. Eminyakeni emihlanu edlule, bambalwa abebengakholelwa ukuthi imakethe ingafinyelela kulesi sikali.
Lesi sihloko sihlukanisa umgwaqo woguquko ube yizindawo ezintathu ezibalulekile: umthamo ofakiwe nezinto ezihlosiwe, izithiyo zangempela kungqalasizinda yegridi nokulinganisa kwamandla, kanye nemakethe yezimayini engekho kugridi elinganiselwe.
Kufakiwe Amandla Nokuhlosiwe: Izinombolo Okokuqala
Amandla afakiwe kusukela Ekuqaleni kuka-2026
Kusukela ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2026, i-Kazakhstan yayicishe ibe ngu-3,746 MW womthamo wamandla avuselelekayo afakiwe, okuhlanganisa u-1,353 MW we-solar PV kanye no-2,071 MW wamandla omoya.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-Uzbekistan yayine-3,347 MW ye-solar PV, i-1,652 MW yamandla omoya, kanye nama-897 MW omthamo wokugcina amandla ebhethri.
| Izwe | I-Solar PV Capacity (MW) | Umthamo Wamandla Omoya (MW) | Isitoreji Samandla (MW / MWh) | 2030 Ithagethi |
| Kazakhstan | 1,353 | 2,071 | — | Cishe i-16 GW yomthamo wamandla avuselelekayo, ibalwa ku-15% wengxube yamandla |
| I-Uzbekistan | 3,347 | 1,652 | 897 | 8.64 GW we-solar PV, 17 GW wamandla omoya, kanye no-7 GWh wesitoreji samandla |
| I-Kyrgyzstan | 250 (umthamo ohleliwe usathuthukiswa) | — | — | I-3-4 GW eyengeziwe eminyakeni engu-2-3 elandelayo |
| I-Tajikistan | 250 (ihlelelwe ukuthi ize ku-inthanethi ekupheleni konyaka) | — | — | I-Hydropower isalokhu igxile kakhulu |
Okuhlosiwe Kunokulangazelela Kakhulu Kunekhono Lamanje
I-Kazakhstan ihlela ukuletha cishe i-16 GW yamandla avuselelekayo ku-inthanethi ngo-2030, iqondise ingxenye engu-15% yamandla avuselelekayo. Umgomo ukhuphukela ku-50% ngo-2050.
I-Uzbekistan inezinhloso zokuvelela nakakhulu. Ngo-2030, ihlose ukufinyelela ku-8.64 GW we-solar PV kanye no-17 GW wamandla omoya, ngamandla elanga nomoya ohlangene acishe abe ngu-21 GW kanye nesabelo sikagesi ovuselelekayo esihlosiwe esingu-54%.
Ngokwezitatimende zomphakathi zikahulumeni wase-Uzbek, ukufeza izinhloso zika-2030 kungasindisa cishe ama-cubic metres ezigidigidi eziyi-18 zegesi yemvelo ngonyaka futhi kunciphise ukukhishwa kwegesi cishe ngamathani ayizigidi ezingama-25 ngonyaka.
Ukwenyuka kwamandla ukusuka ku-3 GW kuya ku-21 GW kusho ukwanda okuphindwe kasikhombisa. Lokhu kukhula akukwazi ukumane kwengezwe kugridi ekhona; ingqalasizinda yokudlulisa amandla namandla okulinganisa amandla nakho kumele kuthuthukiswe.
Iqiniso Lesakhiwo Samandla E-Asia Ephakathi
Ukuncika Amandla Ashisayo Okuphezulu kanye Nokuguquguquka Okulinganiselwe
I-Central Asian Power System (CAPS) incike kakhulu emandleni ashisayo kanye namandla aphehlwa ngamanzi. Isizukulwane esibaswa ngamalahle ngokomlando sibala ngaphezu kuka-60% wengxube kagesi yaseKazakhstan, kuyilapho i-Uzbekistan ithembele kakhulu ekuphehleni kwamandla kagesi wemvelo.
Izitshalo zamandla ashisayo zihlinzeka ngomthamo oqinile we-baseload kodwa ngokuvamile zisabela kancane kancane ezinguqukweni ezisheshayo ezidingweni nasekuphakeleni kukagesi. Njengoba umthamo omkhulu wamandla omoya namandla elanga ungena kugridi, isistimu idinga amandla okugibela ngokushesha kanye nokulinganisa - khona kanye lapho isakhiwo samandla esikhona sibhekene nezinselele ezinkulu.
Ingqalasizinda Yegridi Egugile kanye Nokushoda Kwamandla Ehlobo
Iningi lengqalasizinda yokudlulisa nokusabalalisa yase-Asia Ephakathi yakhiwa ngesikhathi seSoviet. Imishini yokuguga nokulahlekelwa kokudlulisela kusalokhu kuyizinkinga ezisabalele. Phakathi namagagasi okushisa ehlobo, isidingo se-air-conditioning sihlangana nemithwalo yokuchelela yezolimo, futhi izifunda eziningana ziye zabhekana nemingcele kagesi.
Lokhu kusiza ukuchaza ukuthi kungani ukuthengwa kwesitoreji samandla kuye kwaba ngokubaluleke kakhulu. Umshayeli akukhona nje ukuthobela imigomo kahulumeni. Ngaphandle kwesitoreji esanele, ukuhlanganisa amaphrojekthi amakhulu omoya kanye nelanga ohlelweni lwamandla kuba nzima kakhulu.
Izinguquko Emakethe Yethenda Yamandla Avuselelekayo
Ukwenyuka Okubukhali Kwesikali Sephrojekthi
Engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2026, amazwe amahlanu ase-Asia Emaphakathi anikeze amathenda angu-8.7 GW we-solar PV kanye namaphrojekthi okugcina amandla, amele ukwanda konyaka ngo-127%.
Ngokwezwe, i-Kazakhstan ngokuzimela ithenda amaphrojekthi amathathu adidiyelwe e-solar-plus-storage engxenyeni yesibili ka-2026, enamandla ahlanganisiwe angu-2.3 GW kanye nangaphezu kuka-900 MWh wokuxhasa ukugcinwa kwamandla. UMnyango Wezamandla wase-Uzbekistan umemezele ipayipi lokuthenga elihlanganisa u-3.1 GW womthamo wezi-2026-2027.
Isitoreji Samandla Siyaba Esijwayelekile Kunokuba Ngokuzithandela
Olunye ushintsho olubalulekile ukuthi izindleko zokuthengwa kwesitoreji samandla zidlule u-30% yenani eliphelele lephrojekthi okokuqala ngqa.
| Amandla Ahlelelwe Ukuza Ku-inthanethi e-Uzbekistan ngo-2026 | Amandla (MW) | Yabelana |
| I-Solar PV | 2,800 | 41% |
| Amandla Ashisayo | 2,500 | 37% |
| Amandla Omoya | 470 | 7% |
| Amandla kagesi | 68 | 1% |
| Isitoreji Amandla | 884 | 13% |
| Ingqikithi | 6,770 | 100% |
Izixazululo ezididiyelwe ze-solar-plus-storage ziba yizinga endaweni yonke. Kubahlinzeki bemishini, lokhu kusho ukuthi ithuba lemakethe lokuthengisa amamojula e-PV liwodwa liyancipha. Abahlinzeki abakwazi ukuletha isisombululo esiphelele — amamojula e-PV + isitoreji samandla + izakhiwo ezisekelayo + ukuhlanganiswa kwegridi — baya ngokuya bema kahle.
Ukusebenza Kwezimayini kanye Namandla Angaphandle Kwegridi: Imakethe Elinganiselwe
I-Asia Emaphakathi inemisebenzi eminingi yezimayini etholakala emaphethelweni egridi kagesi, eminye isebenza ngaphandle kwegridi ngokuphelele. Lawa masayithi abelana ngezici ezintathu ezibalulekile:
- Ukusebenza okuqhubekayo:Impahla yezimayini kanye ne-mineral-processing ngokuvamile isebenza amahora angu-24 ngosuku, okudala isidingo sikagesi esizinzile.
- Izidingo zokuthembeka okuphezulu:Ukunqamuka kukagesi kungaholela ngokuqondile ekulahlekeni kokukhiqiza.
- Ukuncika kakhulu kudizili:Izimayini ezingaphandle kwegridi zivame ukuthembela kumasethi akhiqiza udizili, kuyilapho ukuthuthwa kukaphethiloli kanye nempahla kubala ingxenye enkulu yezindleko zokusebenza.
I-Economics Ibaluleke Ngaphezu Kwezinzuzo Zemvelo
Emisebenzini yezimayini, umshayeli oyinhloko wokwamukela i-solar PV akukona ukuncishiswa kwekhabhoni - yizindleko ezilinganisiwe zikagesi.
Ezimayini ezikude ezitholakala endaweni engaphezu kuka-200 km ukusuka ekuxhumekeni kwegridi eseduze, izindleko zikagesi okhiqizwe udizili zingasukela ku-$0.40 ziye ku-$1.00/kWh. Ezimayini eziseduze negridi, izindleko zingasukela ku-$0.12 ziye ku-$0.20/kWh. Uma amajeneretha edizili esebenza ngemithwalo ephansi, imfucuza kaphethiloli ingafinyelela ku-20% -40%.
Ukuhlanganisa i-PV yelanga kanye nokugcinwa kwamandla namajeneretha edizili akhona ku-hybrid microgrid kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli cishe ngama-40%. Uma ezomnotho zisebenza, iphrojekthi inesisusa esinamandla sokuhweba sokuqhubekela phambili.
Izinga lokushisa lasebusika elidlulele lase-Asia Ephakathi lethula esinye isici esibalulekile samaphrojekthi wezimayini. Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikwazi ukuqala futhi zisebenze ngokuthembekile ngaphansi kuka-−20°C, okwenza ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi kube umbandela wokukhetha obalulekile.
Amathuba Nezinselelo Zezinkampani ZaseShayina
Ithuba Alikona Nje Ngezintengo Zemojula Ye-PV
Ukuthunyelwa kwemojula ye-PV yamaShayina e-Asia Emaphakathi kukhuphuke ngo-180% ngonyaka engxenyeni yokuqala ka-2026.
Izinzuzo zangempela zokuncintisana zisemandleni okulethwa:
- Ingabe ithimba lokuklama lingakwazi ukukhiqiza imidwebo ehambisana nezindinganiso zendawo, okuhlanganisa amakhodi aseYurophu, isiRashiya, noma kazwelonke?
- Ingabe izingxenye zesakhiwo zingathunyelwa ngokugcwele ngokuvumelana neshejuli yephrojekthi, kuncishiswe ukubambezeleka esizeni?
- Ingabe ukufakwa endaweni kungaqedwa ngaphandle kokuncika kakhulu kochwepheshe basendaweni abanamakhono aphezulu?
Izithiyo Ezintathu Ezisebenzayo Zokungena Emakethe
Isithiyo 1: Amazinga namakhodi. Amaphrojekthi ase-Asia Emaphakathi ngokuvamile adinga ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zaseYurophu (EN 1993 / EN 1090) noma amazinga aseRussia (SNiP). Imidwebo kanye nezibalo zesakhiwo kumele zivumelane nesistimu yekhodi esebenzayo. Ikhono lethimba lokuklama ukusebenza kumazinga amaningi linganquma ngokuqondile ukuthi inkampani iyawufanelekela yini umsebenzi othile.
Umgoqo wesi-2: Ukususwa Kwezinto Zokusetshenzelwa Nezisiko. Amazwe ase-Asia Ephakathi avalelwe amazwe. Ngemva kokufika esikhumulweni semikhumbi, impahla ingase idinge ukuhamba amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-2 000 emhlabeni. Ubukhulu bezingxenye kanye nokupakishwa kufanele kuhambisane nemikhawulo kaloliwe neyomgwaqo.
Isithiyo 3: IWindows yokwakha. I-Asia Emaphakathi inobusika obude, futhi isikhathi sokwakha esisebenzayo ngokuvamile sithatha izinyanga eziyi-6-8 kuphela. Amashejuli ephrojekthi kufanele abhekele lo mkhawulo kunokulandela izikhathi zesikhathi zokwakha ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezipholile.
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa
I-Q1: Yiziphi abashayeli abakhulu bemakethe ye-PV ye-solar yase-Asia Ephakathi?
Kukhona abashayeli abathathu abayinhloko: ukukhula kwesidingo sikagesi, ingqalasizinda yamandla ashisayo endala kanye nokushoda kukagesi wasehlobo, kanye nemigomo echazwe ngokucacile kahulumeni yamandla kanye nezibonelelo zentela. Ukusetshenziswa kukagesi e-Uzbekistan kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ku-123 billion kWh ngo-2035. Amaphrojekthi wamandla avuselelekayo e-Uzbekistan angase afanelekele ukukhululwa enteleni yendawo kanye nentela yomhlaba iminyaka eyi-10.
Q2: Kungani ukugcinwa kwamandla kubaluleke kakhulu e-Asia Ephakathi?
Njengoba isabelo somoya namandla elanga sikhula, igridi idinga amandla okulinganisa okuphendula ngokushesha. Ukuthengwa kwesitoreji samandla okwedlula u-30% yenani eliphelele lephrojekthi kuphawula uguquko ukusuka kwesengezo ongasikhethele ukuya engxenyeni ebalulekile yokuhlanganisa igridi.
Q3: Isiphi isixazululo samandla esifanelekile samaphrojekthi ezimayini angaphandle kwegridi?
I-hybrid microgrid ehlanganisa i-solar PV, indawo yokugcina amandla, namajeneretha akhona kadizili agcinwe njengesipele inketho esebenzayo. Lokhu kumiswa kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli cishe ngama-40% futhi kunciphise umthamo odingekayo wokuphehla udizili ufike ku-30% -50% wezinga lokuqala. Isihluthulelo uhlelo lokulawula olukwazi ukushintsha kalula phakathi kwemithombo yamandla.
Q4: Obani izimbangi ezinkulu zezinkampani zaseShayina emakethe yendawo?
Izimbangi ezinkulu zihlanganisa izinkampani zaseYurophu, zaseTurkey, nezaseNingizimu Korea, kanye namafemu onjiniyela asekhaya. Izinkampani zaseShayina ziyazuza kumaketanga adidiyelwe wokunikezela kanye nokulethwa okusheshayo, kodwa zingase zibhekane nezinselele ezihlobene nezinsizakalo zendawo kanye nokujwayelana namazinga endawo.
Q5: Yiziphi izitifiketi ezidingekayo ukuze ungene emakethe yase-Asia Ephakathi?
Okwezakhiwo zensimbi, amaphrojekthi ngokuvamile adinga i-EN 1090 (ukumakwa kwe-CE) nezitifiketi zesistimu yokuphatha ezifana ne-ISO 9001, ISO 14001, ne-ISO 45001. Amamojula e-PV ngokuvamile adinga ukuthotshelwa kwe-IEC 61215 ne-IEC 61730. Amanye amaphrojekthi futhi adinga ukuhlolwa kwefekthri yenkampani yangaphandle, njengaleyo eyenziwa yi-SGS noma i-BV.
Unemibuzo mayelana namaphrojekthi wamandla e-Asia Ephakathi? Xhumana nathi ku info@xzbesta.com
