Yawancin matsaloli tare da gine-ginen gine-ginen photovoltaics (BIPV) ba a haifar da su ta hanyar lissafin tsarin da ba daidai ba, amma ta hanyar samun jerin tsararru ba daidai ba.
Hanya ta gama gari ita ce shimfiɗa kayan kwalliya bisa ga ƙirar ginin, zaɓi madaidaiciyar tazara mai lamba-kamar 1.5m ko 1.2m-sannan kuma shigar da samfuran PV a saman. Tsaya ta hanyar shigarwa, ƙungiyar za ta iya gano cewa wurin goyan baya ya faɗi tsakanin milimita 100 na gefen module, ko kuma abin ɗamara ya sauka akan yanki mara ƙarfi na firam ɗin module. Dole ne a sake fasalin zane-zane, maimaita lissafin, kuma jadawalin aikin na iya jinkirta makonni biyu.
Madaidaicin jeri shine juyawa: ƙayyade ma'auni na farko, kafa adadin layin tallafi, ƙididdige tazarar purlin, sannan kawai zaɓi sassan purlin.
Wannan jagorar yana bayanin gabaɗayan tsari, yana ba da jeri na tunani don tazarar purlin, girman sashe da amfani da ƙarfe, kuma yana nuna dalilin da yasa karkacewa sau da yawa yakan zama ƙaƙƙarfan ƙira na mulki kafin ƙarfi ya yi.
PV Module Dimensions Ƙayyade Layin Taimako, Waɗanda ke Ƙayyade Tazarar Purlin
Shirye-shiryen Tallafi Na Gaske Biyu
Za'a iya tallafawa tsarin PV mai auna 2,278 × 1,134 mm akan purlins a cikin saitunan asali guda biyu.
| Shirye-shiryen Tallafi | Hannun Module | Gefe masu goyan baya | Tazarar Purlin |
| Dogon goyon baya | Yanayin shimfidar wuri | Dogayen gefuna biyu | Daidai da gajeriyar gefen module, kusan 1.13 m |
| Taimakon gajere | Daidaiton hoto | Gajerun gefuna guda biyu | Daidai da tsayin gefen module, kusan 2.28 m |
Tazarar Purlin ba zaɓin ƙira ba ne na sabani; An samo shi daga shimfidar module. Tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙirar gajere na 1,134 mm, tazarar da ta dace tana kusan 1.13 m. Tare da tsayi mai tsayi na 2,278 mm, yana da kusan 2.28 m. Babu matsakaicin layin goyan baya a cikin kowane tsari na asali sai dai idan an ƙara tallafi na uku.
Yaushe Ana Buƙatar Layin Tallafi Uku?
Don manyan tazara, manyan lodin iska ko kayayyaki masu nauyi, tallafin maki biyu na iya rashin isa. Ɗaya daga cikin mafita shine ƙara purlin a ƙarƙashin tsakiyar tsarin, rarraba tazarar asali zuwa tazara biyu.
Tare da ƙarar purlin na tsakiya, tazara tsakanin layin tallafi ya zama kusan 1.14 m ko 1.13 m, yana samar da tsari mai kama da goyon baya mai tsayi. Kasuwancin-kashe shine ana buƙatar ƙarin purlins, yana ƙara yawan amfani da ƙarfe.
Matsalolin Gefen Nisa
Dole ne a kiyaye isasshiyar tazara tsakanin gefen module da layin tsakiya na purlin. Matsala na yau da kullun suna da ingantacciyar faɗin riko na kusan 30-40 mm. Idan tsakiyar layin purlin ya yi kusa da gefen ƙirar, matsawar ƙila ba za ta riƙe amintacce ba. Idan ya yi nisa sosai, tsarin jujjuyawar tsarin ya zama mai wuce gona da iri, yana ƙara haɗarin nakasu a sasanninta ƙarƙashin ɗagawar iska.
Ayyukan masana'antu na gama gari shine sanya layin tsakiya na purlin 50-100 mm zuwa ciki daga gefen module yayin da tabbatar da cewa overhang bai wuce kashi ɗaya cikin biyar na girman gajeriyar gefen module ɗin ba.
Yadda Tazarar Purlin ke shafar Zaɓin Sashe
Lokacin da tazarar purlin ta ninka sau biyu, nauyin layin da kowane purlin ke ɗauka shima ya ninka, ana ɗaukan nauyin yanki ɗaya. Dole ne a ƙara girman sashin daidai.
| Tazarar Purlin | Sashe Na Musamman | Nauyin Ka'idar | Amfanin Karfe a kowane yanki na Raka | Bayanan kula |
| 1.13 m | C160 × 60 × 20 × 2.5 | Kimanin 6.3 kg/m | Kimanin 5.5 kg/m² | Ƙarin purlins, ƙananan kaya ga kowane memba da sauƙin sarrafawa yayin shigarwa |
| 1.50 m | C180 × 70 × 20 × 2.5 | Kimanin 7.1 kg/m | Kimanin 4.7 kg/m² | Maganin sulhu; dole ne a duba karkacewa |
| 2.28m ku | C220 × 70 × 20 × 3.0 | Kimanin 9.4 kg/m | Kimanin 4.1 kg/m² | Ƙananan purlins, mafi girma lodi ga kowane memba; karkatarwa na iya zama abin iyakancewa |
Dangane da amfani da ƙarfe kaɗai, tallafin gajere mai tsayi tare da tazarar mita 2.28 yana bayyana mafi tattalin arziki a kusan 4.1 kg/m²— sama da 20% ƙasa da 5.5 kg/m² mai alaƙa da goyan bayan dogon baki.
Duk da haka, wannan adadi bai kamata a yi la'akari da shi a ware ba. Dalilin ya bayyana a sashe na gaba.
Juya: Iyakar da Za'a Iya Cimma Kafin Ƙarfi Ya Zama Mahimmanci
Yaya Ake Ƙayyade Iyakar Juyawa?
Don rufin rufin ƙarƙashin yanayin sabis na yau da kullun, iyakar masana'antu da aka saba amfani da ita shine L/200. Wasu ayyuka tare da tsananin juriya na ɗaga iska da buƙatun hana ruwa na iya ɗaukar L/250.
Don aikin tare da tsawon mita 7.5, L/200 yana ba da izinin jujjuyawar 37.5 mm kawai. Don tsawon mita 9, iyaka shine 45 mm. Waɗannan alawus ɗin suna da ɗan taƙaitawa ga membobin ƙarfe.
Me yasa Tazarar Purlin Sau Biyu Yana Ba da Wuya don Sarrafawa?
Juyawa yayi daidai da nauyin da aka rarraba iri ɗaya kuma ya yi daidai da daidai lokacin yanki na biyu na memba, yana ɗaukar lokaci iri ɗaya da yanayin goyan baya.
Lokacin da tazarar purlin ya ƙaru daga 1.13 m zuwa 2.28 m, nauyin layin akan kowane purlin yana ninka kusan ninki biyu, kamar yadda jujjuyawar ke faruwa a ƙarƙashin in ba haka ba yanayi mara kyau. Ƙara sashi daga C160 zuwa C220 yana ba da ƙayyadaddun haɓaka kawai a cikin lokaci na biyu na yanki, wanda bazai cika cikakkiyar ramawa ga ƙarin kaya ba.
Sakamakon haka, gwajin ƙarfin yana iya gamsar da ƙayyadaddun izini yayin da cak ɗin ya gaza. Wannan shine ɗayan matsalolin ƙirar rufin-purlin na yau da kullun kuma galibi ana gano shi ne kawai yayin bita na zane.
Me yasa Bukatun Juya Sun fi Ƙarfin Rufin BIPV?
A cikin tsarin gine-ginen hotunan hoto (BAPV), an ɗora nau'ikan PV akan tsarin tallafi wanda aka haɗa zuwa rufin ƙarfe. Juyawa mai yawa na iya ɓata hatimi tsakanin tsarin tallafi da rufaffiyar rufin, haifar da batun kulawa wanda wani lokaci ana iya magance shi ta hanyar sake rufewa ko maye gurbin gaskets.
A cikin tsarin BIPV, Modulolin PV da kansu sun zama wani ɓangare na ambulan rufin. Idan purlin ya juya da 5 mm, haɗin haɗin panel zai iya buɗewa da 5 mm. Ci gaba da hana ruwa ya dogara da taurin tsarin da kuma bayanan rufewa.
Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa rufin BIPV sau da yawa yana buƙatar kulawar jujjuyawa fiye da rufin ƙarfe na al'ada, kuma me yasa za a iya ƙi shirye-shiryen tallafi na gajere akan ayyukan da ke da tazara mai girma.
Ƙarin Ƙira guda uku waɗanda za su iya canza tazarar Purlin
Tazarar ginshiƙi
Ana ƙayyade tazarar purlin ta tazara tsakanin ginshiƙan babban firam. Tazarar ginshiƙi na 6 m, 7.5 m da 9 m zaɓuɓɓuka ne na gama gari don gine-ginen masana'antu.
Yayin da tazarar shafi ke ƙaruwa, tazarar purlin ya zama tsayi, gabaɗaya yana buƙatar ɓangarori masu zurfi da haɓaka yawan ƙarfe. Don haka dole ne a zaɓi tazarar purlin a cikin tsarin kafaffen shimfidar ginshiƙi maimakon na kansa.
PV Module Joints
Matsakaicin Purlin dole ne su daidaita tare da haɗin gwiwa tsakanin samfuran PV. Idan purlin ya faɗi kai tsaye ƙarƙashin tsakiyar module, masu ɗaure na iya sauka a kan wani yanki mara tallafi na takaddar bayanan module, yana barin haɗin ya dogara da matsawa da yuwuwar rage taurin haɗin gwiwa.
A yayin shimfidar panel, fara yiwa layin haɗin gwiwar module sa'an nan kafa layukan tsakiya na purlin. Bai kamata a juya wannan jeri ba.
Thermal motsi
Lokacin da zafin rufin ya kai 70 ° C, kayan aikin ƙarfe na ƙarfe da firam ɗin aluminium suna faɗaɗa a farashi daban-daban saboda ƙimar haɓakar haɓakar zafi ta bambanta. Don haka fadada su na tsaye ba iri ɗaya bane. Hanyar injiniya ta gama gari ita ce haɗa cikakkun bayanai na zamewa tare da madaidaiciyar hanya, ba da damar ƙayyadaddun motsi na dangi tsakanin kayan aiki da purlins.
Matsakaitaccen tazarar purlin na iya ƙuntata wannan motsi kuma yana ƙara damuwa a cikin firam ɗin ƙirar. Don haka, kusancin tazarar purlin baya nufin ƙira mafi aminci ta atomatik.
Cikakken Misalin Zaɓin Purlin
Sharuɗɗan da aka ɗauka: tazarar shafi na 7.5 m, haɗe-haɗen rufin BIPV, Modulolin PV masu auna 2,278 × 1,134 mm, da kuma aikin da ke cikin matsakaicin yanki na iska.
Mataki 1: Zaɓi tsarin tallafi. Tazarar shafi na 7.5m yana da girma sosai. Tare da goyan bayan gajeriyar gefuna da tazarar purlin na 2.28 m, jujjuyawar na iya zama da wahala a sarrafa ƙarƙashin iyaka L/200. Don haka an zaɓi goyon bayan dogon baki a cikin yanayin shimfidar wuri, tare da tazarar purlin na 1.13 m.
Mataki 2: Zaɓi sashin purlin. Yin amfani da mataccen nauyi na 20 kg/m², nauyin gyare-gyare na 0.5 kN/m² da haɗaɗɗen nauyin iska na gida, ƙididdige nauyin layin kuma zaɓi sashin C160 × 60 × 20 × 2.5. Idan karfin iska ya fi girma, haɓaka zuwa C180 × 70 × 20 × 2.5.
Mataki na 3: Tabbatar da karkacewa. Don tsayin mita 7.5, iyakar L/200 shine 37.5 mm. Bincika jujjuyawar ƙarƙashin haɗin haɗaɗɗiyar kaya kuma tabbatar da cewa ya kasance cikin ƙayyadaddun izini.
Mataki 4: Daidaita mahaɗin module. Shirya kayayyaki ta amfani da tsarin shimfidar 1,134 mm. Daidaita tsakiyar layin purlin tare da layin haɗin gwiwa na module, tare da juriyar matsayar manufa na ±5 mm.
Mataki na 5: Kammala zane-zanen shimfidar wuri. A sarari nuna tazarar purlin, ƙayyadaddun sashe, matsayi mai ɗaure, iyakar zamewa da kafaffen ƙarshen.
Bin wannan jeri yana taimakawa rage yuwuwar sake fasalin shimfidar wuri yayin duban zane.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Q1: Menene tazara tsakanin rufin rufin?
Matsayin masana'antu na kowa shine 1.0-1.5 m. Haƙiƙanin tazara ya dogara da girman module, shirye-shiryen tallafi da haɗin kaya. Don ƙirar ƙirar da ke da ɗan gajeren gefe na 1,134 mm, goyon baya mai tsayi ya dace da kusan tazarar m 1.13. Taimakon gajeriyar gefuna bisa tsayin tsayin gefen 2,278 mm yayi daidai da kusan 2.28 m, wanda ya zarce kewayon da aka saba kuma yana buƙatar dubawar karkatarwa daban.
Q2: Shin ƙaramin tazarar purlin koyaushe yana sa rufin ya fi aminci?
A'a. Karamin tazara yana nufin ƙarin kayan kwalliya da yawan amfani da ƙarfe. Hakanan yana iya ƙuntata motsin zamewa da ake buƙata don ɗaukar faɗaɗa yanayin zafi, ƙara damuwa a cikin firam ɗin ƙirar. Hanyar da ta dace ita ce ta gamsar da jujjuyawa, ƙarfi da buƙatun zafin motsi lokaci guda.
Q3: Shin rufin BIPV zai iya amfani da shimfidar purlin iri ɗaya azaman rufin ƙarfe na al'ada?
Ba a ba da shawarar wannan ba tare da takamaiman nazari na ƙira ba. Iyakance iyaka don rufin ƙarfe na al'ada da farko suna magance magudanar ruwa da bayyanar, yayin da rufin BIPV shima dole ne ya ci gaba da ci gaba tsakanin samfuran PV da tsarin hana ruwa. Tsarin purlin iri ɗaya na iya isa ga BAPV amma yana iya haifar da haɗin gwiwa don buɗewa da yawa a cikin aikace-aikacen BIPV.
Q4: Shin ya kamata a ƙara ko kuma a baje ko'ina a hankali yayin da ake sake fasalin BIPV akan rufin masana'anta?
Dole ne a sake tantance tsarin da ake da shi dangane da nauyin ƙira na asali da yanayin lalatarsa na yanzu. Kwarewar masana'antu ta nuna cewa ƙasa da rabin rufin ƙarfe da ake da su sun wuce gwajin ƙarfin tsarin da ake buƙata don sake fasalin PV. Inda tsarin ya gaza, ƙarfafawa na iya zama dole, gami da haɓaka ƙarfin memba, ƙara tallafi ko maye gurbin purlins. Waɗannan matakan na iya ɗaukar kashi 15%-25% na kasafin kuɗin sake fasalin.
Haɗa matattun lodin PV da ɗorawa masu raye-raye a matakin ƙira na iya rage yawan amfani da ƙarfe da kusan 8%–12% idan aka kwatanta da ƙirar da ke buƙatar ƙarfafa gaba. Wannan ƙididdige sakamakon ceton sakamakon haɗe-haɗe na bayanan haɗin haɗin gwiwa, haɓaka sashe da ƙirar rufin da aka haɗa. Ya keɓance bambance-bambance a cikin farashin samfuran PV kansu.
Tuntuɓar: info@xzbesta.com
