Ibibazo byinshi bijyanye no kubaka amafoto yububiko (BIPV) ibisenge ntibiterwa no kubara muburyo butari bwo, ahubwo nukubona imiterere ikurikirana nabi.
Uburyo rusange ni ugushiraho purline ukurikije igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako, hitamo umwanya woroshye uzenguruka-nka 1.5 m cyangwa 1,2 m - hanyuma ugashyiraho moderi ya PV hejuru. Hagati yigihe cyo kwishyiriraho, itsinda rishobora kuvumbura ko ingingo yingoboka igwa muri mm 100 yumusozo wa module, cyangwa ko yihuta igwa ahantu hafite intege nke ya module. Igishushanyo kigomba gusubirwamo, kubara bigasubirwamo, kandi gahunda yumushinga irashobora gutinda ibyumweru bibiri.
Urutonde rukwiye nirwo rugaruka: menyesha ibipimo bya module mbere, shiraho umubare wumurongo winkunga, ubare umwanya wa purlin, hanyuma uhitemo ibice bya purlin.
Aka gatabo gasobanura inzira zose, gatanga urutonde rwumwanya wa purlin, ingano yicyiciro nogukoresha ibyuma, kandi byerekana impamvu gutandukana akenshi biba imbogamizi yubuyobozi mbere yuko imbaraga zikora.
Ibipimo bya PV Module Kugena Imirongo Yunganira, Igena Umwanya wa Purlin
Ibice bibiri byibanze byingoboka
Module ya PV ipima 2,278 × 1,134 mm irashobora gushyigikirwa kuri purlins muburyo bubiri bwibanze.
| Shigikira Gahunda | Icyerekezo | Gushyigikirwa | Umwanya wa Purlin |
| Inkunga ndende | Icyerekezo nyaburanga | Impande ebyiri ndende | Bingana na module ngufi, hafi m 1,13 |
| Inkunga ngufi | Icyerekezo cyerekana | Impande ebyiri ngufi | Bingana na module ndende, hafi m 2,28 |
Umwanya wa Purlin ntabwo uhitamo igishushanyo mbonera; ikomoka kuri module imiterere. Hamwe na module ngufi-uruhande rwa 1,134 mm, intera ihwanye na m 1,13. Hamwe n'uburebure burebure bwa mm 2,278, ni hafi m 2,28. Nta murongo wo gufashanya uri hagati murwego rwibanze keretse inkunga ya gatatu yongeyeho.
Ni ryari imirongo itatu yo gushyigikirwa isabwa?
Kumwanya munini, umuyaga mwinshi cyangwa modul ziremereye, inkunga yibice bibiri irashobora kuba idahagije. Igisubizo kimwe nukwongeramo purlin munsi ya module, kugabanya umwanya wambere mubice bibiri.
Hamwe na purlin yo hagati yongeyeho, intera iri hagati yumurongo winkunga iba hafi 1,14 m cyangwa 1,13 m, itanga iboneza risa ninkunga ndende. Gucuruza ni uko hakenewe purline nyinshi, byongera ibicuruzwa byose bikoreshwa.
Inzitizi-Intera
Intera ihagije igomba kubungabungwa hagati ya module kuruhande na purlin rwagati. Ubusanzwe clamps ifite ubugari bukomeye bwa mm 30-40. Niba umurongo wa purlin uri hafi cyane ya module, clamp ntishobora gufata neza. Niba ari kure cyane, module overhang iba ikabije, byongera ibyago byo guhinduka kumpande munsi yumuyaga.
Inganda zisanzwe zimenyerewe nugushira umurongo wa purlin hagati ya mm 50-100 imbere uva kumpera ya module mugihe wemeza ko hejuru yarenze kimwe cya gatanu cyurwego rugufi.
Uburyo Umwanya wa Purlin Uhindura Igice cyo Guhitamo
Iyo umwanya wa purlin wikubye kabiri, umutwaro wumurongo utwarwa na buri purlin nawo wikubye kabiri, ukurikije umutwaro umwe. Ingano yicyiciro igomba kongerwa uko bikwiye.
| Umwanya wa Purlin | Igice gisanzwe | Uburemere bw'imyumvire | Gukoresha ibyuma kuri buri gace | Inyandiko |
| 1.13 m | C160 × 60 × 20 × 2.5 | Hafi. 6.3 kg / m | Hafi. 5.5 kg / m² | Purlins nyinshi, umutwaro muto kuri buri munyamuryango kandi byoroshye gukora mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho |
| 1,50 m | C180 × 70 × 20 × 2.5 | Hafi. 7.1 kg / m | Hafi. 4,7 kg / m² | Igisubizo cyo kumvikana; gutandukana bigomba kugenzurwa |
| 2.28 m | C220 × 70 × 20 × 3.0 | Hafi. 9.4 kg / m | Hafi. 4.1 kg / m² | Purlins nkeya, umutwaro urenze kuri buri munyamuryango; gutandukana birashobora guhinduka ikintu kigabanya |
Ukurikije gukoresha ibyuma byonyine, inkunga ngufi ifite intera ya m 2,28 igaragara nkubukungu hafi kg 4.1 kg / m² - hejuru ya 20% munsi ya 5.5 kg / m² ijyanye ninkunga ndende.
Ariko, iyi mibare ntigomba gusuzumwa mu bwigunge. Impamvu iragaragara neza mugice gikurikira.
Gutandukana: Imipaka ishobora kugerwaho mbere yuko imbaraga ziba ingirakamaro
Nigute imipaka yo gutandukana igenwa?
Kubisenge bya purlins mubihe bisanzwe bya serivisi, imikoreshereze yinganda ni L / 200. Imishinga imwe n'imwe irwanya umuyaga ukaze hamwe nibisabwa bitarinda amazi birashobora gufata L / 250.
Ku mushinga ufite metero 7,5, L / 200 yemerera gutandukana kwa mm 37.5 gusa. Kuri metero 9, imipaka ni mm 45. Aya mafranga aragabanutse kubanyamuryango.
Ni ukubera iki Gutandukanya Umwanya wa Purlin bituma Gutandukana bigorana kugenzura?
Gutandukana kugereranwa n'umutwaro wagabanijwe kimwe kandi ugereranije n'umwanya wa kabiri wabanyamuryango, ukurikije umwanya umwe hamwe nuburyo bwo gushyigikira.
Iyo intera ya purlin yiyongereye kuva kuri m 1,13 kugeza kuri m 2,28, umutwaro wumurongo kuri buri purlin wikubye kabiri, kimwe no gutandukana mubihe bidahindutse. Kongera igice kuva kuri C160 kugeza kuri C220 bitanga ubwiyongere buke mugihe cya kabiri cyakarere, kidashobora kwishyura byimazeyo imitwaro yinyongera.
Nkigisubizo, kugenzura imbaraga birashobora gukomeza guhaza imipaka yemewe mugihe igenzura ryananiwe. Iki nikimwe mubibazo bikunda kugaragara hejuru yinzu-purlin kandi bikunze kuvumburwa mugihe cyo gushushanya.
Ni ukubera iki Ibisabwa Gutandukana Bikomeye Kurusenge rwa BIPV?
Muri sisitemu ikoreshwa na Photovoltaics (BAPV), moderi ya PV yashyizwe kumurongo wunganirwa hanyuma igahuzwa nigisenge cyicyuma. Gutandukana cyane birashobora guhungabanya kashe hagati yimiterere yinkunga hamwe nigisenge cyinzu, bigatera ikibazo cyo kubungabunga gishobora rimwe na rimwe gukemurwa no kwimura cyangwa gusimbuza gaseke.
Muri sisitemu ya BIPV, modul ya PV ubwayo igize igice cy'ibahasha. Niba purlin ihindagurika kuri mm 5, ikibaho gishobora gufungura mm 5. Gukomeza gukoresha amazi biterwa no gukomera kwimiterere kimwe no gufunga amakuru arambuye.
Niyo mpanvu ibisenge bya BIPV bisaba kugenzura cyane kurenza ibisenge byicyuma gisanzwe, nimpamvu gahunda yo gushyigikira mugihe gito ishobora kwangwa kumishinga ifite intera nini.
Inzitizi eshatu ziyongera zishobora guhindura umwanya wa Purlin
Umwanya
Umwanya wa purlin ugenwa nu ntera iri hagati yingenzi-ikadiri yinkingi. Umwanya winkingi wa m 6, 7,5 m na 9 m ni amahitamo asanzwe yinyubako zinganda.
Mugihe intera yinkingi yiyongera, purlin umwanya muremure, mubisanzwe bisaba ibice byimbitse no kongera ibyuma. Umwanya wa Purlin ugomba rero gutoranywa murwego rwimiterere yashizweho aho kwigenga.
PV Module
Imyanya ya purlin igomba guhuza hamwe hagati ya modul ya PV. Niba purlin iguye munsi yuburyo bwa module, ibifunga birashobora kugwa kumwanya udashyigikiwe na module yinyuma, mugihe ihuriro riterwa no gufatana kandi bishobora kugabanya gukomera.
Mugihe cyimiterere, shyira kumurongo module ihuriweho hanyuma hanyuma ushireho umurongo wa purlin. Uru rutonde ntirukwiye guhinduka.
Imyuka yubushyuhe
Iyo ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwinzu bugera kuri 70 ° C, ibyuma bya purline na aluminiyumu module yaguka kubiciro bitandukanye kuko coefficient zabo zo kwagura ubushyuhe ziratandukanye. Kwaguka kwabo kurekure rero ntabwo bisa. Uburyo rusange bwubuhanga ni ugushiramo ibisobanuro birambuye kuruhande rwicyerekezo kirekire, kwemerera kugendagenda kugereranije hagati ya modules na purlins.
Umwanya ukabije wa purlin urashobora kugabanya uru rugendo no kongera imihangayiko yo kwifata muburyo bwa module. Kubwibyo, hafi ya purlin intera ntabwo ihita isobanura igishushanyo cyiza.
Urugero rwuzuye rwo guhitamo Purlin
Biteganijwe ko ibintu bimeze: metero 7,5 zumwanya winkingi, igisenge cya BIPV gihuriweho, modul ya PV ipima mm 2,278 × 1,134 mm, numushinga uherereye mukarere gafite umuyaga mwinshi.
Intambwe ya 1: Hitamo gahunda yo gushyigikirwa. Umwanya wa 7.5 m winkingi ni nini. Hamwe nimfashanyo ngufi hamwe na purlin intera ya 2,28 m, gutandukana birashobora kugorana kugenzura munsi ya L / 200. Inkunga ndende mu cyerekezo nyaburanga rero yatoranijwe, hamwe na purlin intera ya m 1,13 m.
Intambwe ya 2: Hitamo igice cya purlin. Ukoresheje umutwaro wapfuye wa 20 kg / m², umutwaro wuzuye wa 0.5 kN / m² hamwe nibisabwa hamwe n'umuyaga uhuza umuyaga, ubare umurongo umutwaro hanyuma uhitemo igice C160 × 60 × 20 × 2.5. Niba umuvuduko wumuyaga ari mwinshi, uzamure kuri C180 × 70 × 20 × 2.5.
Intambwe ya 3: Kugenzura gutandukana. Kuri metero 7,5, L / 200 ntarengwa ni 37.5 mm. Reba gutandukana munsi yimitwaro ikoreshwa hanyuma wemeze ko igumye mumipaka yemewe.
Intambwe ya 4: Huza module ihuza. Tegura module ukoresheje 1,134 mm yimiterere. Huza purlin hagati yumurongo hamwe na module ihuriweho, hamwe nintego yo kwihanganira umwanya wa ± 5 mm.
Intambwe ya 5: Uzuza ibishushanyo mbonera. Erekana neza umwanya wa purlin, igice cyihariye, imyanya yihuta, kunyerera no kurangiza.
Gukurikira uru rutonde bifasha kugabanya amahirwe yo gusubiramo imiterere mugihe cyo gushushanya.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa
Ikibazo1: Ni ubuhe butumwa busanzwe buri hagati ya purlin?
Uruganda rusanzwe ni 1.0-1.5 m. Umwanya nyawo uterwa nubunini bwa module, gahunda yo gushyigikira hamwe nu mutwaro. Kuri module ifite uburebure bugufi bwa 1,134 mm, inkunga ndende-ihwanye na metero 1,13. Inkunga ngufi-ishingiye ku burebure burebure bwa mm 2,278 ihwanye na metero 2,28, zirenga urwego rusanzwe kandi bisaba kugenzura gutandukana.
Q2: Umwanya muto wa purlin uhora utuma igisenge gifite umutekano?
Oya. Intera ntoya isobanura purline nyinshi hamwe no gukoresha ibyuma byinshi. Irashobora kandi kugabanya urujya n'uruza rusabwa kugirango habeho kwaguka kwinshi, kongera imbaraga zo gukumira muburyo bwa module. Uburyo bwiza nuguhaza gutandukana, imbaraga hamwe nubushyuhe-busabwa icyarimwe.
Q3: Igisenge cya BIPV gishobora gukoresha imiterere ya purlin nkigisenge gisanzwe?
Ibi ntibisabwa nta gusubiramo igishushanyo cyihariye. Imipaka yo gutandukana hejuru yicyuma gisanzwe gikemura ibibazo byamazi nigaragara, mugihe ibisenge bya BIPV bigomba nanone gukomeza ubudahwema hagati ya moderi ya PV na sisitemu yo kwirinda amazi. Gahunda imwe ya purlin irashobora kuba ihagije kuri BAPV ariko irashobora gutuma ingingo zifungura zifungura cyane murwego rwa BIPV.
Q4: Ese purlins ikwiye kongerwaho cyangwa gushyirwaho cyane mugihe uhinduye BIPV hejuru yinzu ihari?
Imiterere ihari igomba gusubirwamo hashingiwe kumiterere yumwimerere yimiterere nuburyo bugenda bwangirika. Uburambe mu nganda bwerekana ko munsi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyibisenge byicyuma byatsinze igenzura ryubushobozi bukenewe kuri PV retrofits. Iyo imiterere yananiwe, gushimangira birashobora gukenerwa, harimo kongera ubushobozi bwabanyamuryango, kongeramo inkunga cyangwa gusimbuza purlins. Izi ngamba zirashobora kugera kuri 15% –25% byingengo yimari ya retrofit.
Kwinjizamo imizigo ya PV yapfuye no kubungabunga imitwaro nzima murwego rwo gushushanya irashobora kugabanya gukoresha ibyuma hafi ya 8% –12% ugereranije nigishushanyo gisaba imbaraga nyuma. Ikigereranyo cyo kuzigama ibisubizo bivuye ku ngaruka zihuriweho zo guhuza amakuru, guhuza ibice no gushushanya igisenge. Irimo itandukaniro mubiciro bya PV module ubwabo.
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