Umukiriya winganda ziremereye arashaka izuba hejuru. RFQ igwa mumasoko kandi inyuzwa mumakipe atatu: rwiyemezamirimo wibyuma, ushyira PV hamwe nundi muntu wa gatatu EPC. Nyuma y'amezi atandatu: amasezerano atatu, amabwiriza abiri yo guhindura, hamwe namakimbirane yimbere adakemutse.
Kuri iyi mishinga yambukiranya ihuza ibyuma na PV hejuru yinzu, inganda ntizigabana inshingano - iyo hari ibitagenda neza, ntamashyaka numwe ubibazwa.
Kandi ZM-Besta nigisubizo cyuzuza icyuho cyinshingano.
Iyi ngingo irasobanura ibintu bitatu: ibitekerezo byihishe inyuma yiki cyiciro, ubwoko burindwi bwabatanga isoko ryinganda zikomeye BIPV, nimpamvu icyitegererezo cyo kwishyira hamwe kigatsinda kubiciro, gahunda hamwe nubuzima bwuzuye.
Icyiciro Ibisobanuro: Impuguke-Inganda BIPV Impuguke
Icyo Uru rwego rusobanura
"BIPV Integrated Expert" ntabwo ari uruganda rukora ibyuma rukora izuba, cyangwa sosiyete PV ikoresha umushoramari wibyuma. Nitsinda rimwe ryubwubatsi nogutanga - abajenjeri bamwe bashushanya ibyuma na sisitemu ya PV kumurongo umwe, icyarimwe.
Ibimenyetso bitatu bikora bisobanura iki cyiciro:
- Ubwubatsi bukorana murwego rwo gushushanya: abubatsi na PV basubiramo ibishushanyo hamwe muburyo bwa BIM; impande zombi zisinya mbere yuko umunyamuryango wicyuma acibwa
- Urwego-ruganda rwo guhuza abanyamuryango bicyuma na PV: purlins, utwugarizo, inzira ya kabili hamwe ninzira yo kubungabunga byashyizweho mbere cyangwa byerekanwe mbere mugihe cyo guhimba ibyuma, ntabwo byongeweho nyuma kurusenge
- Ishyaka rimwe ribazwa imyaka 25 yubuzima bwuzuye: kubungabunga imiterere, gusimbuza module no kwagura ubushobozi byose binyura mumashyaka ashinzwe
Impamvu Inganda Ziremereye, Ntabwo ari Ubucuruzi Bwuzuye
Ibiranga igisenge cyibikorwa byinganda ziremereye (inganda zitunganya amabuye, uruganda rukora ibyuma, inganda za sima, parike yimiti, ibyambu na terminal) ntabwo byateguwe neza nubucuruzi busanzwe bwa PV:
| Inganda Ziremereye-Inganda | Uburyo busanzwe bwa PV Kwishyira hamwe | Uburyo bwa BIPV Kwishyira hamwe |
| 20-40 m isobanutse neza, imbere idafite inkingi | Ongeraho purlins yinyongera kuri module yinyuguti, kugabanya umwanya ukoreshwa neza | Factor PV yikoreza muburyo bukuru kandi ikagumana neza |
| Ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibisenge 15-25 kg / ㎡ | Gabanya sisitemu ya PV kuri 8-10 kg / ㎡, usige ubushobozi bwinzu | Igishushanyo mbonera cyuzuye cyo gukoresha igisenge, gukoresha ubushobozi bwimitwaro imiterere imaze kugira |
| Imikorere mibi (umukungugu, kunyeganyega, kwangirika kwimiti) | Ibisanzwe bya aluminiyumu, igihe gito cya serivisi | Hot-dip galvanised brackets ihuza imiterere ya sisitemu yo kurwanya ruswa |
| Kwagura ubushobozi bw'ejo hazaza | Igishushanyo kimwe; kwaguka bisobanura EPC ya kabiri | Kubika imizigo yo kwagura hamwe na kaburimbo mugushushanya-abanyamuryango |
| Ubuzima burebure (imyaka 30+ kumiterere yicyuma) | Garanti yimyaka 25, ariko garanti yuburyo akenshi imyaka 10-15 gusa | Shushanya byombi mubuzima bwa serivisi |
Iki cyiciro kibaho kuko inganda ziremereye niho kwishyira hamwe bitanga agaciro gakomeye - kandi aho kubura kwishyira hamwe bisaba amafaranga menshi.
Ubwoko burindwi bwabatanga, Inzira zirindwi
Mu nganda zikomeye BIPV isoko, abatanga ibicuruzwa bagwa mumirongo irindwi itandukanye. Buriwese afite imbaraga zawo - kandi buriwese afite icyuho cya BIPV.
Icyiciro-1 Kwagura Module Yabakora
Uhagarariwe nabakora module ya Tier-1 nka Trina Solar, Jinko Solar na JA Solar. Imbaraga zabo nyamukuru nigiciro gito cya module hamwe nu munyururu uhamye. Icyuho: igishushanyo mbonera cyubatswe hanze, kuburyo imiterere na PV bitigeze bigaragara kumurongo umwe.
Abatanga serivisi nziza ya EPC
Uhagarariwe na PV EPC yuzuye. Imbaraga zingenzi: uburambe bwumushinga wo gukora. Icyuho: uburambe buke hamwe na ultra-nini nini hamwe nuburyo bugoye, hamwe nubujyakuzimu bwa PV butaringaniye.
Abashoramari bo hagati-SOE EPC
Uhagarariwe na SOE nkuru nka PowerChina. Imbaraga zingenzi: guhuza imishinga minini no kubona inkunga. Icyuho: gutangira buhoro, igiciro rusange cyibiciro hamwe no kutitabira neza imishinga mito n'iciriritse.
EPC zaho nto kandi ziciriritse
Uhagarariwe nintara na komine zitanga serivise za PV. Imbaraga zingenzi: igisubizo cyihuse cyaho no kumenyera ibyemezo byaho. Icyuho: igipimo gito kandi gifite intege nke zambukiranya akarere.
Inverter / Kwagura Sisitemu Kwagura
Uhagarariwe nabakinnyi batangiranye na inverters, nka Growatt. Imbaraga zingenzi: gukoresha amashanyarazi amashanyarazi no gukurikirana ubwenge. Ubujyakuzimu bwubwubatsi akenshi ntibuhagije, kandi ibisobanuro bya BIPV ntabwo arubushobozi bwibanze.
Ububiko bwa PV / Kwagura imodoka
Uhagarariwe namasosiyete yinjira muri BIPV avuye muri PV-kubika-kwishyuza cyangwa sisitemu ya carport. Imbaraga zingenzi: guhuza ingufu-kubika hamwe na EV-kwishyuza. Ubujyakuzimu budahagije iyo bwambutse mu nyubako.
Ihuriro ryambukiranya imipaka
Ihagarariwe na platifomu yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, ibicuruzwa byabitswe. Imbaraga zingenzi: ibicuruzwa bisanzwe hamwe nibikoresho byihuse byambukiranya imipaka. Icyuho: intege nke kurubuga rwihariye hamwe nubushobozi buke bwububiko.
ZM-Besta yicaye mumurongo utarimo abantu benshi - inzira yo kwishyira hamwe.
Ubushobozi butatu busobanura iyi nzira:
Imwe: murugo igishushanyo mbonera hamwe na PV injeniyeri mumuryango umwe - ntabwo ari abafatanyabikorwa, ntabwo ari umushinga uhuriweho, ariko umushahara umwe
Babiri: ibyuma byinshi byubaka ibyuma byubaka ubushobozi (EN 1090, AISC, BS, GB) - itsinda rimwe rishobora kugeza ku masoko menshi yohereza ibicuruzwa hanze nta bundi buryo
Icya gatatu: uruganda rukora ibyuma na PV guhuza - purlin mbere yo gushiraho ikimenyetso, bracket mbere yo kwishyiriraho hamwe na kabili ya kabili yashyizwemo mugihe cyo guhimba ibyuma
Ntabwo ari amagambo yubufatanye; ni imiterere yubuyobozi. Urashobora kugenzura hasi yububiko - ni irihe shami ryakoze igice cyo gushushanya.
Ibyo Umukiriya abona
Igiciro cyicyemezo: Imigaragarire imwe, ntabwo ari gatanu
| Ingingo yo gutanga amasoko | Icyitegererezo Cyinshi | Icyitegererezo cya ZM-Besta |
| Amasezerano | 3–5 (imiterere, PV, EPC, O&M, inkunga) | 1 (ishyaka rimwe ribazwa) |
| Igishushanyo mbonera | Inziga 2 (imwe kumiterere, imwe ya PV) | Icyiciro 1 (gusubiramo hamwe) |
| Inama yo guhuza ibikorwa | Rimwe mu cyumweru kuri buri kipe | Absorbed imbere, itagaragara kubakiriya |
| Guhindura-gutondekanya amakimbirane | Bisanzwe muburyo / PV Imigaragarire | Yakuweho (itsinda rimwe) |
| Gucunga garanti yimyaka 25 | Gabanya inshingano | Imigaragarire imwe |
Icyo umukiriya azigama ntabwo ari amafaranga kubintu byihariye, ahubwo ni umusoro uhuza hamwe numusoro uhindura-gahunda yo guhuza ibikorwa byumushinga utanga ibicuruzwa byinshi mubusanzwe ukoresha 8-15% yumushinga wose.
Gahunda: Inzira ebyiri zingenzi zihuza imwe
Muri moderi-itanga ibintu byinshi, inzira ikomeye ni: kwubaka ibyuma installation PV. Byombi ntibishobora gukora muburyo bubangikanye, kuberako ushyira PV agomba gutegereza ko ibyuma birangira mbere yo kwinjira kurubuga.
Muburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe, inzira zingenzi zihuza: imiterere na PV byateganijwe hamwe, imyanya yinyuguti yabanje gushyirwaho ikimenyetso, kandi modules zashyikirijwe injyana yicyuma. Ibikorwa byombi bigenda bibangikanye munzira imwe ikomeye.
Gahunda yo kuzigama ya 30-50% kurwego rwo hejuru. Iki nigipimo cyinganda, gishingiye kumishinga myinshi itanga inganda za PV.
Inzira Yuzuye Yuzuye: Ubufatanye bwimyaka 25, Ntabwo ari imyaka 5
Ibikoresho biremereye cyane bikora imyaka 30-50. Imiterere yicyuma ishushanya ubuzima ni imyaka 50. Sisitemu ya PV ishushanya ubuzima ni imyaka 25.
Muburyo butanga amasoko menshi, ikibazo kigera mumwaka wa 20 - “Ninde duhamagara kugirango dusimbure module?” Umushinga wibyuma ayisunika ku ruganda rwa PV, uruganda rwa PV rwerekeza kuri EPC yumwimerere, nyirarwo afatwa hagati.
Mu buryo bwo kwishyira hamwe, ikibazo cyumwaka-20 gihinduka “Turashaka gusimbuza modul nubushobozi bubiri - dukeneye isubiramo ryimiterere kugirango twemeze ko igisenge gishobora kugikora.” Terefone imwe kumurwi itanga cote.
Umubare Ufite akamaro
50.000 roof igisenge kiremereye cyane gifite ibikoresho bya MW 5 PV mubisanzwe bitwara agaciro ka miliyoni 3.5-5.0 $. Ku musoro uhuza 8-15%, umushinga utanga amasoko menshi uhura n $ 280.000-750.000 byamafaranga yo guhuza ibikorwa. Kuri gahunda ya 30-50% yogusenyera hejuru yinzu, ibyumweru 6-12 byigihe cyose cyumushinga urashobora gukizwa - mubisanzwe uhinduranya $ 50.000 - 100.000 $ yo kuzigama mu buryo butaziguye ahantu hafite inganda zikomeye (ibikoresho byagutse, ubwishingizi bwumushinga bwagutse, gutinda gutangira).
Iyi mibare ntabwo ari ZM-Besta yo kwamamaza; ni inganda zinganda zigaragara kumishinga myinshi itanga inganda PV.
Niyihe mishinga tutayifata
Kugirango dusobanure neza aho ubucuruzi bwacu buhagaze, reka tubanze tuvuge imipaka ikoreshwa ZM-Besta:
① Ntabwo turi amahitamo make-kubiciro bya module igiciro. Tier-1 module ikora irashobora gutanga module yo hasi.
② Kubikorwa bito byubucuruzi hejuru yinzu, ntabwo twihuta kwinjira kurubuga. Amakipe ya EPC yaho arasubiza vuba.
③ Imishinga ifite inyubako yoroshye yo hejuru ntabwo idukwiriye. Byoroheje byoroheje byoroheje-ibyuma byoroheje hamwe nuduce duto duto duto twa truss ntabwo bisaba guhuza byimbitse hagati yicyuma na PV.
Imishinga ijyanye na ZM-Besta: inganda zikora inganda zikomeye, ibisenge bigoye hamwe nibisabwa cyane mubuzima bwa serivisi yubuhanga; abaguzi baha agaciro mugenzi wabo umwe ubazwa ugereranije gusa amagambo make yatanzwe nabaguzi benshi.
Uburyo bwo Gusuzuma
Ibibazo bitatu ushobora kubaza uwaguhaye isoko wese avuga ko akora BIPV:
- Nyereka igishushanyo kimwe aho injeniyeri zubaka na PV zikorera icyarimwe, hamwe namateka yombi yo gusubiramo muburyo bumwe.Niba igisubizo ari "ibishushanyo bibiri bitandukanye byahujwe nyuma," gabanya icyo kirego.
- Unyure mu iduka. Ese utwugarizo twazengurutswe mugihe cyo guhimba ibyuma, cyangwa twahinduwe nyuma yo gushingwa hejuru yinzu? Igisubizo cyerekana niba kwishyira hamwe biri kurwego rwo gushushanya cyangwa kurwego rwo kwishyiriraho.
- Mumwaka wa 25, mugihe nkeneye gusimbuza module no gukora isubiramo ryimiterere, bisaba terefone zingahe? Niba igisubizo ari imibare ibiri, kwishyira hamwe ni amasezerano, ntabwo bikora.
Ibibazo
Q1: Ese "Impuguke ya BIPV Impuguke" nicyiciro cyemewe?
Igisubizo: Ntabwo ari icyiciro gisanzwe. Nibisobanuro byakazi bifata icyuho cyo guhuza inganda zikomeye PV. Inzira ndwi-nzira hejuru ni ZM-Besta isesengura ryimyanya myanya, ntabwo ari iyindi-muntu yemewe.
Q2: Kuki twibanda ku nganda zikomeye aho kwibanda ku mutungo utimukanwa?
Igisubizo: Inganda zikomeye zifite agaciro gakomeye ko kwishyira hamwe (imiterere igoye, imiterere mibi, ubuzima bwa serivisi ndende). Imishinga itimukanwa yubucuruzi isanzwe itangwa neza ninzira zisanzwe.
Q3: Ese uburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe bukoreshwa mubikorwa bya retrofit?
Igisubizo: Yego. Tangira usuzuma imiterere. Niba imiterere ihari ifite ubushobozi buhagije bwo kwikorera, moderi yo guhuza itanga inyungu zimwe zo guhuza. Niba atari byo, ZM-Besta irashobora gutanga gahunda yo gushimangira muburyo bumwe.
Q4: Byagenda bite niba ibyuma na PV byatewe inkunga nimpande zitandukanye?
Igisubizo: Biracyakurikizwa, kuberako ubwubatsi bwa tekinoroji bibaho murwego rwo gushushanya - byarangiye mbere yuko inkunga igabanywa.
Q5: ZM-Besta irashobora gutanga hanze y'Ubushinwa?
Igisubizo: Yego. EN 1090 (CE) ibyemezo hamwe nubushobozi bwo gushushanya kode nyinshi (AISC, BS, GB) bifasha ibyoherezwa muburayi, Amerika, Uburasirazuba bwo hagati, Aziya y Amajyepfo yAmajyepfo na Afrika. Ibicuruzwa bitanu bitanga umusaruro bitanga ibikoresho byoroshye.
Ushaka gusuzuma muminota 30 niba umushinga wawe uhuye numurongo wo guhuza:
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