Kune mapurojekiti e-off-grid, mubvunzo wekutanga unenge wakangofanana: Isimba rakadii rinoda chiteshi chemagetsi chesolar yangu?
Iko hakuna-saizi-inokodzera-yese mhinduro. Chiyero chesimba chinodiwa chinofanira kuverengerwa, kwete kungosarudzwa. Imwe fungidziro isiriyo inogona kutungamira kune inodhura rework: iyo undersized sisitimu inogona kutadza kutsigira mutoro, nepo yakawandisa sisitimu inosunga mari muhukuru hunogona kusamboshandiswa.
Iri gwara rinotyora nzira yekuisa, inopa kukurumidza-referensi tafura yezvakajairwa maitiro ekushanda, uye inotsanangura nei PV modules, inverters uye kuchengetedza kwesimba kunofanirwa kuverengerwa zvakasiyana.
Tanga neKuverenga Zvinhu Zvitatu Zvinokosha
Kushandisa Kwesimba Kwezuva Nezuva (kWh/zuva)
Iyi ndiyo nzvimbo yekutanga kune ese masaizi maverengero. Chinokosha imagetsi chaiwo anopedzwa kweawa makumi maviri nemana-kwete huwandu hwemidziyo nameplate ratings kana huwandu hwemidziyo inowedzerwa nesimba rayo rakayerwa.
Pane nzira nhatu dzekufungidzira kushandiswa pasaiti:
- Tarisa maverengero ekare emamita. Iyi ndiyo inowanzove nzira chaiyo yemapurojekiti ane giridhi iripo kana jenareta redhiziri.
- Verenga kubva parunyoro rwemichina. Eresa mashandisiro emagetsi emuchina wega wega nekuwanza simba rawo rakayerwa nemaawa ekushanda kwezuva nezuva.
- Shandisa mapurojekiti akafanana sereferensi.
Nzira yechitatu inowanzoshandiswa kumisasa yekuvaka ichangotanga kana nzvimbo dzemigodhi. Zvinotarisirwa neindasitiri ndeidzi: kambi yekuvaka yevanhu makumi matatu: 60–120 kWh/zuva; Kambi yekuvaka yemunhu 100: 250–400 kWh/zuva.
Peak Simba uye Demand Factor
Peak simba rinotarisa inodiwa inverter simba, nepo zuva nezuva mashandisirwo esimba anotarisisa inodiwa PV huwandu. Aya maparameter maviri akasiyana.
Pa-saiti michina haiwanzo kushanda yakazara yakazara panguva imwe chete. Chinhu chinodiwa che 0.6–0.8 chinowanzo shandiswa mukufungidzira kweinjiniya. Kufunga chinhu chinodiwa che1.0 chinogona kukonzera inverter yakawandisa, ichisiya yakawandisa kusashandiswa mukati mehupenyu hweprojekiti.
Kumwe kutariswa kwakakosha midziyo ine mota dzepamusoro-soro, senge pombi dzemvura, macrusher uye midziyo yekusimudza. Ikozvino yavo yekutanga inofanira kuverengerwa zvakasiyana. Iyo yekukurumidza kutanga ikozvino ye induction mota uchishandisa yakananga-on-mutsara kutanga inogona kusvika 5-7 nguva dzayo yakayerwa ikozvino. Kana iyi nyaya ikasagadziriswa, kunyangwe inverter yakaringana saizi inogona kukanganisa kudzivirira kwayo.
Kushandiswa Kwesimba Kwehusiku sePesenti yeKushandiswa Kwezuva Nezuva
Iyi nhamba inosarudza kugadzirisa kwekuchengetedza simba. Kune misasa inenge isina vanhu mukati mezuva asi inoshandisa magetsi anokosha usiku, kushandiswa kwehusiku kunogona kudarika 50% yekushandiswa kwezuva nezuva. Kune zviteshi zvekupomba zvinoshanda zvakanyanya mukati menguva yemasikati, mugove wehusiku unogona kunge uri pasi pe20%.
Iyo yakaderera chikamu chehusiku, iyo yakawanda yekuchengetedza inoshanda sekuwedzera basa. Iyo yakakwira mugove, iyo inonyanya kukosha kuchengetedza kwesimba inova kune iyo yakazara sisitimu.
Quick Power Reference yeCommon Operating Scenarios
Tafura inotevera inopfupisa marenji akajairika ezviitiko zvitanhatu zvinoshanda. Nhamba idzi dzakabva pane ruzivo rweindasitiri; izvo zvinodikanwa zvepurojekiti zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa zvichipesana nerondedzero yemutoro.
| Operating Scenario | Kushandisa Kwesimba Kwezuva Nezuva (kWh) | Peak Power (kW) | Kushandiswa Kweusiku | Yakakurudzirwa PV Capacity | Yakakurudzirwa Energy Storage |
| 30-munhu musasa wekuvaka | 60–120 | 15–25 | 50%–60% | 20 kW series | 40 kWh |
| 100-munhu kuvaka musasa | 250–400 | 50–70 | 50%–60% | 56-75 kW series | 121 kWh |
| Mapombi maviri e22 kW drainage (imwe inoshanda, imwe yakamira) | 200–300 | 40–50 | Pasi pe20% | 56 kW series | Optional, sezvinodiwa |
| 12 × 400 W saiti magetsi (10 maawa husiku) | 50 | 5 | 100% | 20 kW series | 40 kWh |
| Telecommunications base station (24/7 kushanda) | 60–90 | 3–5 | 100% | 20 kW series | 40 kWh |
| Welding michina, kucheka midziyo uye diki simba maturusi | 80–150 | 20–40 | Around 30% | 56 kW series | Optional, sezvinodiwa |
Kuti ushandise tafura iyi, tanga waona mamiriro ekushanda uye tarisa kuti ndeupi huwandu hunoenderana nekushandiswa kwesimba kwemazuva ese. Kana peak simba uye zuva nezuva mashandisirwo esimba akananga kune akasiyana masisitimu saizi, shandisa iyo yepamusoro simba reti senzvimbo yekutanga, wobva waona kana iyo PV huwandu hwakakwana.
Nei PV Modules, Inverters uye Energy Storage Ichifanira Kuiswa Saizi Yakaparadzana
DC/AC Ratio: PV Capacity Yakanyanya Kukwira Kupfuura Inverter Yakayerwa Kubuda
PV module inobuda yakayerwa pasi peyakajairwa bvunzo mamiriro: tembiricha yemodule ye25°C, irradiance ye1,000 W/m² uye mhepo yakawanda coefficient ye AM1.5. Kana tembiricha yekumashure yemodule inosvika 65°C panzvimbo, crystalline silicon modules ine tembiricha coefficient ye -0.3%/°C inogona kuwana kudzikiswa kweinoda kusvika 12% -14%.
Kana huwandu hwePV uye inverter yakayerwa kubuda yakafananidzwa pachiyero che1: 1, sisitimu inogona kusasvika iyo inverter yakayerwa kubuda panguva yekupisa kwezuva, ichisiya imwe inverter simba risisashandiswe.
Yakajairika indasitiri tsika ndeyekukura iyo yakaiswa PV chiyero pa1.1-1.3 nguva iyo inverter yakayerwa kubuda. Chiyero ichi chinozivikanwa sechiyero cheDC/AC. Haisi chiyero chekuwedzera; inobatsira kushandisa zviri nani kuwanikwa kwesolar irradiance.
Maitiro eKuverengera Simba Rekuchengetedza Kugona
Simba rekuchengetedza simba rinoenderana nekushandiswa kwemagetsi panguva yehusiku uye kudzika kwakabvumidzwa kwekubuda (DoD).
| Kushandiswa kwehusiku sechikamu cheKushandiswa Kwezuva Nezuva | Inodiwa Kuchengetwa kwe100 kWh / zuva reKushandiswa | Tsanangudzo |
| 20% | Approx. 22–25 kWh | Inovhara mwenje wemanheru uye kutaurirana chete, zvichitora 90% kudzika kwekubuda |
| 40% | Approx. 45–50 kWh | Inovhara mitoro yekuwedzera yekugadzira panguva yemanheru |
| 60% | Approx. 67–75 kWh | Yenguva yenguva-ye-wachi yekushanda mamiriro, ane humwe huwandu hwakachengeterwa mazuva ane makore kana kunaya |
| 100% (yenharembozha chiteshi) | Approx. 110–120 kWh | Inoda kutariswa kwekugadzira kwemazuva 2-3 akatevedzana ane makore kana kunaya |
Kuverenga kunogona kuratidzwa se:
Simba rekuchengetedza simba = Kushandiswa kwesimba kwemazuva ese × Kushandiswa kwehusiku kugovera ÷ Kudzika kwekubuda × Cloudy-weather reserve factor (1.0–1.3)
Iyo redundancy factor inogona kusimbiswa inopesana nenharaunda meteorological data uchishandisa iyo JRC PVGIS off-grid system module.
Kune lithium iron phosphate (LFP) mabhatiri, yakajairika kudzika-kwe-discharge dhizaini kukosha ndeye 90%. Usaverengere pakufungidzira kwe100% DoD, sezvo izvi zvichigona kukanganisa hupenyu hwekutenderera.
Cycle Life uye Replacement Purogiramu
Lithium iron phosphate mabhatiri anogona kubudirira 5,000–8,000 cycles pa80% kudzika kwekubuda. Tichifunga kutenderera-kuburitsa kutenderera pazuva, izvi zvinoenderana nemakore angangoita 13-21. Iyi ipfupi pane yezita remakore makumi maviri neshanu hupenyu hwesevhisi hunowanzo kutsanangurwa kuPV modules. Kuchengetedzwa kwesimba nekudaro kungangoda kutsiviwa panguva yehupenyu hwehurongwa uye haifanirwe kufuratirwa mukuverenga kwekudyara.
Kufananidza Chirongwa Chako kune Imwe Yevatanhatu Chigadzirwa Series
Zviteshi zvemagetsi ezuva zveZM-Besta zvinowanika muzvikamu zvitanhatu zvemagetsi, zvinofukidza 20 kW kusvika 200 kW, nemhando makumi maviri nemana pamwe chete. Madiro akakosha akanyorwa pazasi.
| Series | Yakaiswa PV Capacity | PV Module Type | Simba paModule | Deployed Footprint | Kurema Kwechigadzirwa (Kusingabatanidzi Simba Rekuchengetedza) | Standard Energy Storage |
| 20 kW | 15–20 kW | N-mhando TOPCon | 690–720 W | 33–39 m × 4 m | 3.8–4.3 t | 40 kWh |
| 56 kW | 40–56 kW | N-mhando TOPCon | 440–460 W | 63–85 m × 6 m | 12.5–15 t | 121 kWh |
| 75 kW | 56–77 kW | N-mhando TOPCon | 440–460 W | 63–85 m × 6 m | 12–15 t | Optional, sezvinodiwa |
| 150 kW | 109–152 kW | N-mhando TOPCon | 510–530 W | 70–96 m × 12 m | 33–36 t | 261 kWh |
| 175 kW | 133–175 kW | N-mhando TOPCon | 510–530 W | 70–96 m × 12 m | 31–34.5 t | Optional, sezvinodiwa |
| 200 kW | 148–204 kW | N-mhando TOPCon | 580–600 W | 85–110 m × 12 m | 31–34 t | Optional, sezvinodiwa |
Zvinozivikanwa zvakajairwa mukati mechikamu chechigadzirwa:
- Kuisa kona: 25 °
- Frame yaisanganisira kona: 130 °
- Kupisa-dip galvanized coating pane furemu: ≥55 μm
- Zinc-aluminium-magnesium coating pane njanji: ≥275 g/m²
- Nguva yekuendesa: ≤30 maminitsi
- Mhepo kuramba mushure mekutumirwa: Giredhi 9
- Munyu-spray kuramba: ≤C5
- Kushanda tembiricha: -20°C kusvika +50°C
- Chiyero chekudzivirira mune yakashongedzwa gadziriso: IP55
- Hybrid inverter output: 380 V / 400 V, nhatu-chikamu, ina-waya
- Kakawanda: 50/60 Hz
Zvikanganiso zvina zvakajairika zvekusakura zvekudzivisa
Kungowedzera Zvishandiso Nameplate Ratings
Kuwedzera iyo yakayerwa simba rechinhu chimwe nechimwe chiri parunyoro rwemidziyo kazhinji inoburitsa fungidziro iri 30% -50% yakakwira zvakanyanya. Zvishandiso hazvisi zvese zvinoshanda panguva imwe chete, uye mutsauko unogona kududzira zvakananga mumitengo isingakodzeri yehurongwa.
Kuregeredza Tembiricha-Inoenderana Kubuda Kurasikirwa
Munzvimbo dzine migodhi yemugwenga ine tembiricha ye45°C, PV module backsheet tembiricha inogona kudarika 70°C, ichideredza zvinobuda neinosvika 15%. Kuyera sisitimu yakavakirwa pachiyero chakajairwa pa25 ° C kunogona kukonzera kudzika-kupfuura-kunotarisirwa kubuda chaiko.
Sizing Energy Storage yePeak Load
Kuchengetedzwa kwesimba kunopa chikamu chakakura chemutengo wesystem yese. Saizi yekuchengetera zvinoenderana nepamusoro pesimba zvinoreva kubhadhara kwese kwezuva rekuchengetedza kugona kuvhara peak inogona kuitika kwemaawa maviri chete. Nzira yakarurama ndeyekuchengetedza saizi zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwesimba rehusiku.
Yakatarisana Nekutakura uye Kusimudza Zvinodikanwa
Zvishandiso zvine chitsiko chetsoka che 110 m × 12 m uye huremu hwe 34 t inoda kutariswa kwekutanga kwemigwagwa yekupinda saiti, inotendeuka radius uye crane inosimudza kugona. Migwagwa yenguva pfupi panzvimbo dzemigodhi inowanzogadzirirwa motokari dzakareruka. Kana inorema-mota yekupinda uye yekuburitsa zvinodiwa ikaregeredzwa, midziyo inogona kusvika panzvimbo asi isingagone kuburitsa.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa
Q1: Ingani magetsi anogona kugadzirwa ne20 kW mobile solar power station pazuva?
Chizvarwa chinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze ezuva. Tichifunga 4.5 peak zuva maawa uye mashandiro ehurongwa hwe0.75-0.8, yega yega 1 kW yeakaiswa PV simba inogadzira ingangoita 3.4-3.6 kWh pazuva. A 20 kW system saka yaizogadzira ingangoita 68–72 kWh/zuva. Munzvimbo dzine 5.5 peak nguva yezuva, chizvarwa chezuva nezuva chinogona kusvika kunosvika 85 kWh. Chaiyo yeko PVOUT inogona kubvunzwa nekubatanidza mu Global Solar Atlas.
Q2: Iyo sisitimu inogona kutungamira zvakananga mota inotyairwa mitoro?
Hongu, asi kutanga ikozvino kunofanira kuverengwa. A 22 kW induction motor inoshandisa yakananga-on-line kutanga inogona kukwevera pakarepo ikozvino ye110-150 A. Inverter inofanira kunge iine kukwana kwakakwana kwekugona kubata ichi chinodiwa. Kune ma-high-power motors, inotangisa yakapfava kana inosiyana frequency drive (VFD) inokurudzirwa kudzikisa kutanga ikozvino uye yakabatana yekuvhiya kwemagetsi.
Q3: Iyo system inogona kushanda isina simba rekuchengetedza?
Hongu. Kune maapplication anonyanya kushandisa magetsi mukati mezuva, senge zviteshi zvekupomba uye kupwanya mashandiro, iyo system inogona kushanda isina simba rekuchengetedza, ine inverter inopa simba mukupindura mutoro. Nekudaro, maapplication anoda simba rekuchengetedza husiku kana mukati memakore ekunze anoda kuchengetedza simba.
Q4: Iyo system inogona kuwedzerwa here?
Iyo modular dhizaini inotsigira huwandu hwekuwedzera nekuwedzera uye kubatanidza mamwe mayuniti akafanana. Usati wawedzera, tarisa inverter yakawanda inobvumirwa nhamba yezvikamu zvakafanana uye kukwanisa kwekubatanidza nzvimbo. Kuwedzera huwandu hwePV chete pasina kukwidziridza hurongwa hwekugovera magetsi hunogona kunge husina kukwana.
Q5: Iyo midziyo inogona kushanda kwenguva yakareba sei munzvimbo ine munyu?
Chigadzirwa chacho chinotsanangurwa nemunyu-spray kuramba chiyero che ≤C5 uye inopisa-dip galvanized frame coating ye ≥55 μm. Pasi pe ISO 12944 corrosion classifications, C5-M inoreva nzvimbo dzemugungwa dzinoparadza zvakanyanya, kusanganisira dzimwe nzvimbo dzemahombekombe mukati me500 m yegungwa. Neiyi nhanho yekudzivirira uye yenguva dzose yekuongorora, sisitimu inogona kutsigira nguva yebasa inopfuura makore gumi nemashanu. Hupenyu chaihwo hwesevhisi huchiri kutsamira pane saiti-chaiyo corrosion mamiriro uye kugadzirisa frequency.
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