Thaum txiav txim siab seb puas yuav kaw qhov chaw cia cov thee, cov tswv haujlwm feem ntau tau daig ntawm ob qhov siab: "Kev tshuaj xyuas ib puag ncig yuav los, yog li peb yuav tsum npog nws ua ntej," lossis "Kev nqis peev ntau dhau, yog li peb yuav tsum tos."
Ob txoj hauv kev saib xyuas tib lub cuab yeej tseem ceeb: kev sib piv cov nqi sib piv. Muab cov thee poob, tus nqi calorific, noo noo, plua plav-tswj cov nqi khiav lag luam thiab siv av rau hauv ib qho kev suav, ces hloov lawv mus rau hauv tus nqi ib tonne ntawm cov thee tuav txhua xyoo. Cov lus teb feem ntau yog qhov tseeb dua qhov kev xav ib leeg.
Qhov Qhib Coal Stockpile Poob Li Cas Txhua Xyoo?
Coal Quantity Losses
Coal kom muaj nuj nqis poob ntawm qhov qhib chaw cia khoom feem ntau yog los ntawm peb qhov chaw: cov khoom zoo uas nqa los ntawm cua, pulverized thee ntxuav tawm los ntawm nag hnyav, thiab deterioration los ntawm oxidation thaum lub sij hawm ntev cia.
Kev ntsuas kev lag luam luam tawm txawv txav ntau nyob ntawm txoj kev ntsuas. Qee qhov kev npaj cov chaw cog qoob loo retrofit cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev poob qis ntawm kwv yees li 0.5%, tab sis daim duab no tsuas yog rau kev ntsuas qhov sib txawv thaum thauj khoom, tshem tawm thiab tuav sab hauv. Thaum huab cua, oxidation thiab calorific nqi deterioration kuj raug txiav txim siab, qhov poob tag nrho yog kwv yees li ntawm 2% -5%.
Rau kev suav ua ntej, qhov kev xav nruab nrab ntawm 1% -3% yog pom zoo, kho raws li hom thee thiab huab cua hauv zos. Cov nqi siab dua tuaj yeem tsim nyog rau cov thee-volatile siab khaws cia hauv thaj chaw qhuav, cua daj cua dub.
Calorific nqi poob
Thaum cov thee raug rau huab cua, pyrite reacts nrog oxygen thiab noo noo, ua kom cov khoom kub thiab ua rau cov teeb meem tsis hloov pauv. Cov txheej txheem no yog irreversible.
Kev khaws cia ntawm cov thee kaw tuaj yeem txo qis tus nqi calorific los ntawm kwv yees li 300-500 kcal / kg. Rau thermal thee nrog tus nqi calorific ntawm 5,500 kcal / kg, qhov no sib npaug li ntawm 5% -9% ntawm nws cov nqi calorific.
Cov kev poob no tsis tshwm sim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum thee raug nqi raws li tus nqi calorific, lawv txhais ncaj qha rau hauv cov nyiaj tau los poob.
Moisture thiab khoom tuav
Cov dej nag nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw qhib pob zeb tuaj yeem nce cov dej noo los ntawm 2-3 feem pua cov ntsiab lus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm: txo cov crusher throughput, conveyor siv slippage, khov thee lumps nyob rau hauv lub caij ntuj no thiab txo boiler efficiency. Rau cov thee xa tawm, cov dej noo ntau dhau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau tus nqi txiav tawm lossis kev cog lus raug nplua.
Kev Ua Raws Li Ib Cheeb Tsam: Dab tsi Coal Storage Operator yuav tsum xav txog
Plaub theem ntawm kev tswj plua plav
Los ntawm qis dua mus rau tus nqi siab dua, cov kev xaiv tswj plua plav muaj xws li:
- Cov tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tshuaj tua kab mob
- Windbreak thiab plua plav tiv thaiv cov ntxaij vab tshaus
- Ib feem ntawm cov tsev nyob
- Tag nrho cov tsev cia khoom los yog domes
Thawj ob txoj kev xaiv suav nrog cov nuj nqis rov ua haujlwm. Lawv qhov ua tau zoo nyob ntawm qhov cua ceev thiab kev siv zog ua haujlwm. Ob qho tom kawg xav tau peev peev thiab ua cov cuab yeej ruaj khov.
Txoj cai tswjfwm yog mus rau kev kaw ntau dua ntawm qhov tshiab thiab hloov kho cov chaw cia khoom hauv ntau lub khw. Cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv thiab cov chaw tsim hluav taws xob nyob ze cov nroog hauv nroog yog nyob ntawm cov chaw ntsib kev nyuaj siab tshwj xeeb. Cov kev xav tau sib txawv raws li txoj cai thiab qhov project.
Kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Cov Hluav Taws Xob Tag Nrho
Cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm los ntawm cov chaw nres nkoj kaw hauv qhov chaw cia cov phiaj xwm qhia txog cov kev txhim kho hauv qab no: Cov plua plav tawm hauv av txo qis los ntawm 80% -95%, PM10 (inhalable particulate teeb meem nrog particle txoj kab uas hla ntawm ≤10 μm) concentrations txo los ntawm ntau tshaj 90%, Plua plav dispersion qhov siab txo los ntawm 75% -80%.
Cov duab no pab txhais cov hom phiaj ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig rau hauv cov qauv kev lees paub. Rau cov haujlwm uas tab tom ntsuas qhov cuam tshuam ib puag ncig lossis ntsib lub sijhawm kho kho, cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj qhov project tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv siv tau zoo.
Lwm Sab Ntawm Kev Ua Raws Li Ib Cheeb Tsam Tus Nqi
Cov nuj nqis tswj cov plua plav ntawm cov chaw qhib hluav taws xob - suav nrog cov tshuaj tsuag dej, hluav taws xob, kev hloov plua plav thiab ntxuav - yog cov nqi khiav lag luam uas tsis tsim cov khoom vaj khoom tsev ruaj khov. Thaum lub sijhawm muaj huab cua phem heev, cov neeg ua haujlwm kuj tseem yuav tsum tau txo qis kev tsim khoom.
Kev poob ntau los ntawm kev kaw yog qhov nyuaj rau kev txheeb xyuas ua ntej, tab sis lawv yog ib qho ntawm cov nqi uas yooj yim tshaj plaws thaum ntsuas qhov project enclosure.
Xam cov Coal Cia Tus Nqi ib tonne
Xam Xaj Assumption
| Parameter | Kev xav | Kev piav qhia |
| Txhua xyoo thee throughput | 300,000 t | Ib qho me me me me los yog lub zog cog hluav taws xob thee |
| Siv cov nqi hluav taws xob | $130/t | Nruab nrab ntawm qhov teev 2026 tus nqi ntawm $ 125-150 / t rau Newcastle 6,000 kcal thee |
| Tus nqi poob tag nrho | 1% / 2% / 3% | Peb qhov xwm txheej hais txog qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov thee, tus nqi calorific thiab kev poob ntawm cov dej noo |
| Tus nqi tsim kho enclosure | $63–92/m² | Raws li cov xim-coated steel ntawv enclosure tus nqi ntawm RMB 450-650 / m², hloov ntawm RMB 7.1 rau US duas |
| Qhov chaw nyob | 30,000 m² | Ua raws li lub peev xwm khaws cia ntawm 60,000 tonnes |
Tus nqi siv hluav taws xob yog raws li 2026 kev kwv yees ntau yam hais hauv tus nqi thiab kev sib tham ntawm tus nqi. lub IEA Coal 2025 qhia. Cov nqi hluav taws xob siab dua feem ntau luv luv lub sij hawm them rov qab ntawm qhov project enclosure.
Kev poob txhua xyoo ntawm peb qhov kev poob qis
| Zuag qhia tag nrho Loss Rate | Txhua xyoo Coal Poob | Kev poob nqi txhua xyoo | Kev piav qhia |
| 1% | 3,000 t | $390,000 | Ib qho kev tswj xyuas zoo qhib thee cia mev |
| 2% | 6,000 t | $780,000 | Mid-range assumption |
| 3% | 9,000 t | $1,170,000 | High-volatile thee nyob rau hauv qhuav, cua |
Kev nqis peev thiab them rov qab lub sijhawm
Rau 30,000 m² enclosure, kwv yees peev ntawm $ 1.89 lab txog $ 2.76 lab.
| Zuag qhia tag nrho Loss Rate | Txuag xyoo | Payback ntawm Kev nqis peev qis | Them rov qab ntawm Kev nqis peev siab dua |
| 1% | $390,000 | 4,8 xya | 7.1 xya |
| 2% | $780,000 | 2.4 xyoo | 3.5 xyoo |
| 3% | $1,170,000 | 1.6 xyoo | 2.4 xyoo |
Lub sij hawm them rov qab yog qhov nkag siab zoo rau tus nqi poob tiag. Yog li thawj kauj ruam yuav tsum yog los ntsuas qhov poob hauv kev ua haujlwm tiag tiag es tsis yog tsom rau tus nqi tsim kho ib leeg.
Cov kev suav sau saum toj no tsis suav nrog kev txuag nyiaj hauv kev tswj hwm kev siv plua plav, tus nqi ntawm cov av tso tawm los ntawm kev kaw, thiab zam kev cuam tshuam kev tsim khoom. Xws li cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem ua rau lub sijhawm them rov qab luv.
Sib piv Peb Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv
| Yam khoom | Qhib Coal Stockpile | Ib nrab Lub Tsev Nyob Hauv Tsev | Fully Enclosed Dome or Barrel-Vault Structure |
| Tus nqi tsim kho | qis tshaj | Nruab nrab | Siab (kwv yees li peb npaug ntawm tus nqi qhib-tsev, raws li tau hais) |
| Coal kom muaj nuj nqis | 2% -5% | 1% -2% | Zero, raws li tau hais tseg |
| Calorific nqi khaws cia | pluag | Nruab nrab | Zoo |
| Tswj dej noo | Tsis muaj | Ib nrab | Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv; kev tswj tiag tiag nyob ntawm kev tsim thiab kev ua haujlwm |
| Plua plav tswj | Plua plav cov ntxaij vab tshaus thiab dej txau | 50% -80% txo | 80% -95% txo |
| Thaj av rau 60,000 t ntawm cov thee | Kwv yees li. 30,000 m² | Kwv yees li. 8,000-12,000 m² | Kwv yees li. 4,500 m² os |
| Cov khoom siv stacking thiab reclaiming | Ntau lub tshuab yuav xav tau rau kev tuav cov khoom | Txo cov cuab yeej siv | Automated stacking thiab reclaiming yuav raug saws |
| Kev soj ntsuam ib puag ncig thiab kev lees paub | nyuaj dua | Feem ntau tswj tau ntau dua | Feem ntau yooj yim dua kom ua tau raws li lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tswj cov plua plav, raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua |
| Kev siv tsim nyog | Lub sijhawm luv luv thiab kev ua haujlwm qis dhau los | Kev daws teeb meem | Lub sij hawm ntev cia thiab ib puag ncig rhiab qhov chaw |
Ib qho qhib chaw khaws cia tuav 60,000 tonnes ntawm cov thee yuav xav tau kwv yees li 30,000 m², piv nrog ib ncig ntawm 4,500 m² rau qhov chaw khaws cia - qhov piv ntawm ze li ntawm 6.7: 1. Rau cov haujlwm uas muaj av tsawg, qhov sib txawv no tuaj yeem txiav txim siab ntau dua li tus nqi tsim kho.
Qhov twg Dav Hlau Trusses thiab Spatial Lattice Plhaub txawv
Span yog ib qho ntawm cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv kev xaiv cov qauv. Rau qhov ntev txog li 60 m, dav hlau trusses thiab portal thav ntawv tuaj yeem yog ob qho kev xaiv kev lag luam. Raws li qhov kev ncua ntxiv, cov qauv dav hlau yuav xav tau cov ntu loj dua los tiv thaiv lub sijhawm khoov, ua rau cov khoom siv hlau nce nrawm dua.
Spatial lattice shells faib cov khoom thauj los ntawm cov tswv cuab hauv ob qho kev qhia thiab feem ntau vam khom rau axial rog. Rau qhov ntev ntawm ib ncig ntawm 100 m lossis ntau dua, qhov sib txawv ntawm kev siv steel ib chav tsev ntawm thaj chaw hauv pem teb tuaj yeem raug soj ntsuam los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas cov qauv es tsis yog kho raws li qhov nyiam.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm Peb Cov Qauv Qauv
| Daim Ntawv Qauv | Plan Shape | Qhov Zoo Tshaj Plaws | Tsim nyog Stacking thiab Reclaiming Method |
| Lub voj voog dome | Lub voj voog | Feem ntau tsis tshua muaj steel noj ib cheeb tsam, kuj zoo ib yam load faib thiab zoo cua kuj | Central-kem stacking thiab reclaiming tshuab |
| Barrel vault (longitudinal los) | Ntev daim kab xev | Nws tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv raws nws qhov ntev thiab tsim nyog rau kev khaws cia loj | Portal-hom reclaimers thiab longitudinal stockyards |
| Prestressed tubular truss | Loj lub voj voog-span qauv | Ib qho kev ncua ntev tuaj yeem tshaj 180 m | Choj-hom reclaimers thiab ultra-loj-span longitudinal stockyards |
Qhov tseeb yog los txiav txim qhov txheej txheem stacking thiab reclaiming ua ntej, tom qab ntawd xaiv cov qauv kev npaj, thiab thaum kawg xaiv cov txheej txheem. Kev thim rov qab cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem ua rau cov qauv tsis haum rau cov txheej txheem tuav cov khoom, ua rau cov nyiaj khaws cia tsis zoo.
Reference Project Parameters
| Hom phiaj | Qhov System | Ntsiab Parameters | Lub tsev |
| Circular stockyard ntawm ib qhov chaw mining | Spherical qhov chaw ncej nrog bolted spherical pob qij txha | Txoj kab uas hla: 130 m; qhov chaw ncej qhov siab: +64 m; 3 qauv | 39,799,5 m² os |
| Muab cov coal cia tso rau ntawm qhov chaw nres nkoj | Barrel-vault qhov chaw ncej nrog bolted spherical pob qij txha | Ntev: 118 m; ntev: 736m; qab :46m | 86,848m wb |
| Coal cia enclosure retrofit nyob rau hauv ib tug fais fab nroj tsuag | Prestressed tubular truss | Ntev: 185m; ib: 254m | 46,990 m² os |
Coal-related corrosion yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab nyias. Kub-dip galvanizing yog pom zoo rau qhov chaw thav duab cov tswv cuab thiab cov pob qij txha, nrog zinc txheej thickness tsawg kawg yog 85 μm. Ntxiv corrosion-tiv thaiv txheej thiab sealing ntsuas tej zaum yuav tsum tau rau high-sulfur thee los yog ntug dej hiav txwv tej yaam num.
Cov phiaj xwm twg yuav tsum xav txog kev kaw cov thee cia?
Qhov kev txiav txim siab feem ntau yog los ntawm peb yam: cov nyiaj tau los txhua xyoo, tus nqi thiab hom, thiab cov kev cai tswj hwm thiab av muaj.
Rau kev ua haujlwm qis qis, lub sijhawm them rov qab tuaj yeem ntev dua kaum xyoo, ua kom qhib cov khoom lag luam nrog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv plua plav yog qhov kev xaiv tsim nyog.
Rau cov nqi hluav taws xob siab lossis hom hluav taws xob tsis zoo, cov ntaub thaiv yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig kev lag luam ntau dua. Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig rhiab heev, cov chaw nres nkoj lossis cov chaw uas muaj thaj av tsawg, qhov thaiv tsis yog kev txiav txim siab nyiaj txiag nkaus xwb - nws yuav yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev pom zoo los yog ua haujlwm txuas ntxiv.
Yog tias yam tsawg kawg ob ntawm peb yam no pom zoo rau kev kaw, ib qho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev txheeb xyuas tus nqi tsim nyog yuav tsum ua.
Cov lus nug nquag
Q1: Tus nqi them tag nrho ntawm lub tsev cog khoom li cas?
Rau cov qauv hlau nrog cov xim-coated steel ntawv cladding, kwv yees tus nqi tsim kho tseem ceeb yog $ 63-92 / m². Qhov no tsis suav nrog cov khoom siv stacking thiab reclaiming, kev kho lub hauv paus thiab kev tiv thaiv hluav taws. Tus nqi tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xam raws li qhov dav, qhov siab eaves, hauv av thiab lwm yam kev xav tau tshwj xeeb.
Q2: Qhov twg yog qhov kev lag luam ntau dua: lub tsev cog khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis lub tsev nyob ntev?
Rau tib lub peev xwm khaws cia, lub voj voog dome feem ntau siv cov hlau tsawg dua rau ib chav tsev hauv pem teb thiab yuav tsum muaj av tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov txheej txheem tuav cov khoom yuav tsum muaj lub tsev khaws khoom ntev nrog lub portal-hom reclaimer thiab ntev-ntev conveyors, lub dome yuav tsis sib haum nrog kev ua haujlwm layout. Tom qab ntawd ib lub thoob-vault qauv los yog truss system tej zaum yuav tsim nyog.
Q3: Puas yog lub tsev ntim khoom ntim puv ntim tau txais raws li kev tswj hwm plua plav?
Tsis yog. Tag nrho cov ntaub thaiv npog yog ib qho kev tswj xyuas loj, tab sis tseem yuav tsum muaj qhov cua, cua tshuab thiab kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm.
Gas accumulating thiab thee hmoov av tawg yuav tsum tau tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv lub tsev. Qhov tsim nyog qhov cua thiab kev saib xyuas roj yuav tsim nyog, thaum lub sij hawm thauj khoom thiab tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus tseem yuav tsum tau muaj plua plav tawm. Cov ntaub thaiv npog tsis tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau kev tswj xyuas kev ua haujlwm.
Q4: Puas yog qhov chaw qhib qhov cub puas tuaj yeem kaw yam tsis muaj kev tso tseg?
Kev tsim kho theem yuav ua rau qhov no ua tau. Lub tsev khaws khoom tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntu, nrog ib ntu txuas nrog thaum lwm qhov txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm, txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tuav cov khoom siv ib ntus thiab kev hloov chaw.
Txoj hauv kev no yuav tsum muaj kev tsim kho phasing thiab cov thee cia ib ntus kom muab tso rau hauv qhov tsim los ntawm qhov pib.
Q5: Ntev npaum li cas qhov chaw thav duab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv corrosion?
Cov chaw cia cov thee tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam rau cov xwm txheej hnyav heev. Nrog rau qhov kub-dip galvanized txheej tsawg kawg yog 85 μm thiab kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua, lub neej tsim qauv ntawm 25 xyoo yuav raug txiav txim siab, raws li qhov tshwm sim tiag tiag thiab qhov project specifications. Tshawb xyuas txheej txheej deterioration txhua 2-3 xyoos raws li kev pom zoo txij nkawm ncua sijhawm. Yog hais tias ntau tshaj 70% ntawm cov zinc txheej tau noj, recoating yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li kev ntsuam xyuas kev tshaj lij.
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